Confectionery factory "Red October" until recently it was located at Bersenevskaya embankment, 6 on the spit of the island formed by the Vodootvodny Canal and the Moscow River, but in 2007 it was transferred to the territory chocolate factory"Babaevsky".
Photo 1. Former buildings confectionery factory"Einem Partnership" and "Red"
October" in Moscow
The beginning of the history of the Einem Partnership chocolate factory
The production was founded by Theodor Ferdinand von Einem, a native of Germany who arrived in the Mother See in 1850 from the German town of Württemberg.
Fyodor Karlovich (this is how the entrepreneur began to introduce himself in the Russian manner) noticed that sawn sugar began to be in special demand in Moscow, after which, showing his entrepreneurial spirit, the German began its production.
The profitable business worked out, and already in 1851 Einem opened a small workshop for the production of chocolates. Only four people worked in the workshop at that time.
The supply of sweet products to the front lines during the Crimean War and, of course, successful trade in the city of Moscow brought Einem profit, thanks to which he opened a chocolate factory.
Photo 2. Address of the former production Bersenevskaya embankment, No. 6
In 1857, Fyodor Karlovich made acquaintance with Julius Geis. The extraordinary entrepreneur first helped open a candy store in the center - on, and over time became Einem’s partner.
The business continued to develop successfully, which helped the partners purchase a special steam engine in one of European countries and begin construction of a new factory already at .
The first newly constructed building, a three-story building, housed production workshops for the production of caramel, marshmallows, different types cookies and gingerbread, chocolate and glazed fruit, as well as cocoa drinks and marmalade.
Although the Einem Partnership was officially registered in 1867, its products by that time already had a number of awards received at manufacturing exhibitions in the Russian Empire: Odessa (1864) and Moscow (1865).
It is worth noting that for every pound of cookies produced, the partners donated 5 kopecks in silver to charity, and half of the funds went to a German community school for the poor and orphans, and the remaining money was distributed among various Moscow charitable institutions.
And again, everything turned out well for Einem and Geis, which required them to begin the construction of new factory buildings already on Bersenevskaya embankment, opposite the one standing on the opposite bank of the Moscow River.
The production complex was impressive with its architectural appearance and “filling”.
For organization chocolate production Qualified European confectioners who had experience working with installed modern equipment were involved. It’s interesting, but in such a large production, thanks to the mechanization of processes, only a few dozen Russian craftsmen worked, but the production of the first biscuits in Russia - traditional English desserts- only professionals from the UK did it.
Before his death in 1878, Einem completely handed over the reins of the confectionery factory to his partner, to whom the founder’s widow subsequently transferred her shares. Even concentrating everything in his own hands, Julius Geis did not change the Einem Partnership trademark, correctly judging that this would only benefit his business.
At the beginning of the 20th century, the company owned several stores in large cities - Nizhny Novgorod and Moscow, the products of which were supplied from two Moscow confectionery factories and two production facilities in Riga and Simferopol.
In 1899, Geis bought the first of eight neighboring plots from the merchant Ushakov, and in 1914 the last of them went to the company. By that time, the Einem Partnership had become the largest confectionery production in the Russian Empire.
It will be interesting to learn about the organization of labor in the factories of Julius Geis.
During his reign, the working day lasted 10 hours. A hostel was set up and meals were provided for non-residents. A school was opened for children working as apprentices in the factory. After 25 years of work, the craftsmen were granted a pension and awarded a silver badge.
In 1914, during the First World War, workers and employees themselves raised funds and built a military hospital in Moscow, and the company itself, in addition to monetary donations, arranged to send wagons with cookies to the front line.
Also interesting, as they say today, is the marketing that Julius Geis established.
Being a creative person and also passionate about photography, he paid special attention to the packaging design and names of candies, as well as other sweet products. The boxes, covered with silk, velvet and even leather, contained photographic postcards, various theater programs and small cherubs made of tin.
The architectural ensemble was almost completely formed after the construction of the Caramel Shop in 1906, the design of which was carried out by the architect. In 1911, he also designed the new Administrative building at Bersenevskaya embankment, 6.
Confectionery factory after the revolution
The Bolsheviks who came to power nationalized the “Einem Partnership” in 1918 and already in 1922 at a general meeting of the team they approved a new name - “Red October”. True, for a couple of years the products were still produced under the old brand, it was so popular even in post-revolutionary Russia.
In the early 20s of the last century, the confectionery factory was in crisis, which almost led to its complete closure. New specialists were able to make changes to manufacturing process, and also organized workers’ control and the fight against theft, which made it possible by 1925 to exceed the figures of 1913.
The Soviet authorities, in addition, allocated funds for the purchase of the latest machines from Germany. It was in those years that such famous candies as “Bear-toed Bear” and “Kis-Kis” toffees appeared on Soviet shelves.
Having talked about the spirits of Brocard and Rale, I cannot help but mention another industry of which the Russian Empire was rightfully proud. Imagine, in 1900, at the World Exhibition in Paris, for the huge range and excellent quality of chocolate, the Russian factory “Einem” received the highest award - the Grand Prix. So, just a century ago we could call Russian chocolate the best in the world. “Einem” was like a sign for Russian chocolate at the beginning of the 20th century.
On the chocolates there was a well-fed toddler with an unkind look and a bat for rounders in his hands. The provocative label was also complemented by a charming poem:
“I got a bar of chocolate
And I don't need a friend.
I say in front of everyone:
“I’ll eat it all.” Come on, take it away!”
Oh, they truly knew how to please discerning customers. Boxes with products were decorated with silk, velvet, leather - these were real small works of art. The factory was a supplier to the court of His Imperial Majesty and received the right to print the coat of arms of Russia on the packaging. The sets included postcards with congratulations. The factory had its own composer write music, and the buyer, along with caramel or chocolate, received free notes from the “Chocolate Waltz,” “Monpensier Waltz,” or “Cupcake Gallop.” Among flour products Small pot-bellied salted fish stood out, especially attracting beer lovers. But even children who did not drink beer eagerly gnawed at these figures. Even more interesting were the colored marzipan figures depicting carrots, turnips, cucumbers, and some animals. They were sometimes hung on the Christmas tree, to the great delight of the little ones.
Among the cakes was a cake with the unusual name “Love Me” at different prices. Witty buyers told young saleswomen: “Please, “Love me” for three rubles” :)
And it began back in 1850, when the founder of the factory, a German citizen Ferdinand Theodor von Einem, came to Moscow in the hope of starting his own business. At first he started producing sawn sugar, then (in 1851) he organized a small workshop on Arbat for the production of chocolate and candies. In 1857, Einem met his future partner, Julius Heuss, who had extraordinary talent as a businessman. Together they acted more confidently and opened a confectionery store on Teatralnaya Square. Having accumulated sufficient capital, entrepreneurs ordered the latest steam engine from Europe and began building a factory on the banks of the Moskva River, on Sofiyskaya Embankment. In the directory “Factory Enterprises of the Russian Empire” an entry was made about this fact: “Einem. Partnership for a steam factory of chocolate sweets and tea cookies. Founded 1867." A working day at the factory in those days was 10 hours. The confectioners, most of whom came from villages near Moscow, lived in a dormitory at the factory and ate in the factory canteen. The factory administration provided workers with some benefits:
* a school was opened for apprentice children;
* for 25 years of impeccable service, a silver name badge was issued and a pension was assigned;
* a health insurance fund was created that provided financial assistance to those in need;
Caramel, sweets, chocolate, cocoa drinks, marshmallows, cookies, gingerbread, and biscuits were produced. After opening a branch in Crimea (Simferopol), Einem began producing chocolate-glazed fruits - plums, cherries, pears, and marmalade.
"Einem Partnership" successfully competed with other confectionery magnates - for example, "Abrikosov and Sons", but I plan to write about them later (of course, if you want).
Excellent quality confectionery, the technical equipment of the factory, colorful packaging and advertising push the factory to one of the leading places in confectionery production that time.
By the beginning of the 20th century. The Einem corporation owned two factories in Moscow, factories in Simferopol and Riga, and numerous stores in Moscow and Nizhny Novgorod.
During the difficult years of the First World War, the Einem company was engaged in charitable activities: it made monetary donations, organized a hospital for wounded soldiers, and sent wagons with cookies to the front.
After the October Revolution, in 1918, the factory was nationalized, and in the same year it received the name “State Confectionery Factory No. 1, former Einem”, and in 1922 it was renamed “Red October”, although several years after that in parentheses “Formerly” was always added. Einem” - the popularity of the brand was so great, and the quality of the products was appreciated.
In 1900, at the World Exhibition in Paris, for the huge assortment and excellent quality of chocolate, Russian
The Einem factory received the highest award - the Grand Prix. Thus, even a century ago we could say that Russian chocolate is one of the best in the world. And ‘Einem’ was like a sign for Russian chocolate at the beginning of the 20th century.
On the Einem chocolates there was a well-fed toddler with an unkind look and a bat in his hands. The provocative label was also complemented by a charming poem:
“I got a bar of chocolate
And I don't need a friend.
I say in front of everyone:
“I’ll eat it all.” Come on, take it away!”
Oh, Einem truly knew how to please discerning customers. Boxes with products were decorated with silk, velvet, leather - these were real small works of art. The factory was a supplier to the court of His Imperial Majesty and received the right to print the coat of arms of Russia on the packaging. The sets included postcards with congratulations. For the factory, its own composer wrote music and the buyer, along with caramel or chocolate, received free notes of the “Chocolate Waltz”, “Waltz Montpensier” or “Cupcake Gallop”. Among Einem's flour products, small pot-bellied salted fish stood out - especially attracting beer lovers. But even children who did not drink beer eagerly gnawed at these figures. Even more interesting were the colored marzipan figures depicting carrots, turnips, cucumbers, and some animals. They were sometimes hung on the Christmas tree, to the great delight of the little ones.
Among the cakes was a cake with the unusual name “Love Me” at different prices. Witty buyers told the young saleswomen: “Please, “Love me” for three rubles.”
And it began back in 1850, when the founder of the factory, a German citizen Ferdinand Theodor von Einem, came to Moscow in the hope of starting his own business. At first he started producing sawn sugar, then (in 1851) he organized a small workshop on Arbat for the production of chocolate and candies. In 1857, Einem met his future partner, Julius Heuss (J. Heuss), who had extraordinary talent as a businessman. Together they acted more confidently and opened a confectionery store on Teatralnaya Square.
Having accumulated sufficient capital, entrepreneurs ordered the latest steam engine from Europe and began building a factory on the banks of the Moskva River, on Sofiyskaya Embankment. In the directory “Factory Enterprises of the Russian Empire” an entry was made about this fact: “Einem. Partnership for a steam-powered chocolate candy and tea biscuits factory. Founded 1867."
A working day at the factory in those days was 10 hours. The confectioners, most of whom came from villages near Moscow, lived in a dormitory at the factory and ate in the factory canteen. The factory administration provided workers with some benefits:
* a school was opened for apprentice children;
* for 25 years of impeccable service, a silver name badge was issued and a pension was assigned;
* a health insurance fund was created that provided financial assistance to those in need.
Einem produced caramel, candies, chocolate, cocoa drinks, marshmallows, cookies, gingerbread, and biscuits. After opening a branch in Crimea (Simferopol), Einem began producing chocolate-coated fruits - plums, cherries, pears, and marmalade.
The Einem Partnership successfully competed with other confectionery magnates - for example, Abrikosov and Sons.
The excellent quality of confectionery products, the technical equipment of the factory, colorful packaging and advertising put the factory at one of the leading places in the confectionery production of that time.
By the beginning of the 20th century, the Einem Partnership owned two factories in Moscow, factories in Simferopol and Riga, and numerous stores in Moscow and Nizhny Novgorod.
During the difficult years of the First World War, the Einem company was engaged in charitable activities: it made monetary donations, organized a hospital for wounded soldiers, and sent wagons with cookies to the front.
In 1913, Einem was awarded the title of supplier to the court of His Imperial Majesty.
After the October Revolution, in 1918, the factory was nationalized and in the same year received the name “State Confectionery Factory No. 1, former Einem”, and in 1922 it was renamed “Red October”. Although for several years after that, “Formerly” was always added in parentheses. Einem” - the popularity of the brand was so great and the quality of its products was appreciated.
Hello dears.
Let us continue with you a short journey into the past of the Russian confectionery industry. Last time we stopped here:
Today we’ll talk about another candy and chocolate giant, which has become extremely popular in the country not only because of the excellent quality of its products, but also because of its design.
Today we will talk about the “Einman Partnership”, or more precisely “Einem. Partnership of the Steam Factory of Chocolates and Tea Cookies”.
Some of the leaders of this field in the pre-revolutionary Empire began very modestly. In 1846, 22-year-old German businessman Ferdinand Theodore von Einem arrived in Moscow. He was born in Prussia, but had Württemberg citizenship. He came not alone, but with his wife Caroline (née Müller), because he saw great prospects in our country.
F. Einem
He started in the sugar business, but very quickly switched to retail sales sweets. I really loved this business. 
By 1850 he founded a small workshop that produced chocolate and candies. I rented a small room in Areoli’s house on Arbat and hired 4 craftsmen. And things started happening right away. Either because there were no competitors in the area, or because of German pedantry and attention to detail, or the product was of high quality. In 1853 he joined the third guild of Moscow merchants. And in 1853-1856, during the Crimean War, Einem was able to enter the state order, and as the documents say, he “honorably completed the contract” for the supply of jam and syrups for the Russian army.
This gave free money and promoted Fyodor Karlovich (and Einem, who had completely Russified by that time, asked to be called that way) in his big and beautiful dream. And his dream was to create a real chocolate factory in Moscow. However, there was not enough energy and finances for this matter. 
Everything changed in 1856. It was then that Einem was able to find reliable Russian partners - Colonel Lermontov and collegiate secretary Romanov, each of whom invested 5 thousand rubles in the business. silver They rented premises on Petrovka, in Rudakov’s house, for ten years and set up a confectionery factory there, producing ten types of chocolate, chocolates, and pralines. Well, the following year he had a fateful meeting.
Y. Geis
In the process of choosing a house and purchasing reliable equipment for his factory, Einem became close to the Moscow German Julius Geis. The priest's son, Julius Geis, was six years younger than Einem. Before meeting Einem, he had already worked as a traveling salesman in Germany, then in his relatives’ store in Odessa, and then lived in Moscow for almost 10 years, working in private companies and in municipal structures for street lighting with kerosene and gas. Geis gave the impression of being a reliable and thorough person. Einem realized that this was exactly the kind of person he needed to develop his business. On May 12, 1870, an agreement was concluded between the partners in Berlin, according to which Einem received 60% and Geis 40% of the profits. As his share, Geis contributed all his own property worth 20 thousand rubles to the business. This is how "Einem" was formed. Partnership for a steam factory of chocolate sweets and tea cookies.
This money made it possible to order the latest steam engine from Europe and begin building a factory on the banks of the Moscow River.
On August 1, 1871, the new factory building on Sofiyskaya Embankment began to operate. And already in the same year, Einem’s factory became the largest of five chocolate factories in Moscow. It produced almost half of the products of all Moscow enterprises, namely: 32 tons of chocolate, 160 tons of chocolates, 24 tons of “tea biscuits” (those English biscuits) and 64 tons of crushed sugar, totaling 300 thousand rubles. (of which 246 thousand rubles were for chocolate).
This was a major breakthrough. I must say that Fyodor Karlovich was a very good person and did a lot of charity work. For every pound of new cookies sold, Einem donated five kopecks in silver, of which half the amount went to charitable institutions in Moscow, and the other half to the German School for the Poor and Orphans. Big money, by the way.
The comrades also paid great attention to the design of their products. The company was advertised through theatrical programs and surprise sets with postcards included in a box of chocolates. The factory had its own composer write music for it, and the buyer, along with caramel or chocolate, received free notes from the “Chocolate Waltz,” “Monpensier Waltz,” or “Cupcake Gallop.” In addition, exclusive candies were always sold along with special accessories - branded napkins, postcards and special candy tweezers were included in the boxes. 
However, Einem began to get very sick and had heart problems. He spent more time recovering than working, so Geis offered to buy him out. By the time of the death of Fyodor Karlovich in Berlin in 1876 (who, by the way, bequeathed to bury himself in Moscow, which was done), the partnership was completely owned by Julius Geis, who, out of respect for his former business partner, did not change the name. It was Julius who was able to make the company one of the largest and most famous in the country. By the beginning of the 20th century, the Einem company owned two factories in Moscow, branches in Simferopol and Riga, several stores in Moscow and Nizhny Novgorod. 
In 1896, at the All-Russian Industrial and Art Exhibition in Nizhny Novgorod, Einem products were awarded a gold medal, and in 1900, the company received the Grand Prix at the World Exhibition in Paris for the range and quality of chocolate. 
In 1913, Einem was awarded the title of supplier to the court of His Imperial Majesty. But Julius Geis himself did not live to see this day. He died in 1907 at the age of 75.
Back at the end of the 19th century, Julius Fedorovich (and Geis also finally became Russified) began to attract his five eldest sons to work: Julius, Voldemar, Albert, Oscar and Karl. After the death of Julius Fedorovich, the eldest son Julius Yulievich Geis became the managing director, the directors were Voldemar Yulievich and Oskar Yulievich, and the candidate for director was Karl Yulievich. Another son, Albert, was not formally on the board, but at the same time managed a factory in Crimea. 
By 1910, fixed capital reached 1.5 million rubles. It consisted of one thousand shares of 5,000 rubles each. and two thousand shares of 500 rubles. The joint-stock enterprise was in fact family in nature - the shareholders were nine people from the Geis family 
In July 1916, the cost of the Einem company's real estate alone amounted to 3,518,377 rubles. 88 kop. The partnership employed about 3,000 workers. It all ended with the revolution. The Gays left the country.
In 1918, the Einem factory was nationalized and renamed State Confectionery Factory No. 1, which emphasized the leading position of the enterprise in the domestic confectionery industry. In honor of the fifth anniversary of the revolution, the factory received the name “Red October”, to which was added “formerly. Einem" until the early 1930s
Well, you probably all know the “Red October” brand :-)
To be continued....
Have a nice time of day.
In 1851, a small workshop for the production of chocolate and candy was opened on Arbat, in which only four craftsmen worked. It belonged to the German Theodor Ferdinand von Einem, who came to Russia “to do business.” During the Crimean War, Einem supplied his products to the front - the profit received allowed him to expand production and move the factory to Myasnitskaya Street. In 1869, entrepreneur Julius Heuss joined Einem. Together they open a confectionery store on Teatralnaya Square, import the latest steam engine from abroad and build the first factory building on the Sofia embankment of the Moscow River.
For every pound of new cookies sold, Einem donated five kopecks in silver, of which half the amount went to charitable institutions in Moscow, and the other half to the German School for the Poor and Orphans. The first official record about the company “Einem. The Partnership for the Steam Factory of Chocolate, Sweets and Tea Cookies appears in 1867 in the directory Factory Enterprises of the Russian Empire. By this time, the company already had awards from the All-Russian manufacturing exhibitions: bronze (1864) and silver (1865) medals. Einem produced caramel, candy, chocolate, cocoa drinks, marshmallows, cookies, biscuits, gingerbread, glazed fruit, and marmalade.
After Einem’s death in 1876, Julius Hayes began to manage the factory, but he did not change the company name, which had become popular among Muscovites.
In 1889, in connection with the expansion of production, Hayes acquired several plots on Bersenevskaya embankment. One of the first buildings built on the new site was the production building designed by architect A.V. Flodin. Subsequently, according to the design of the architect A. M. Kalmykov, several more production buildings and apartment buildings were erected, which formed the basis of the factory ensemble. The formation of the factory ensemble was completed in 1914 with the addition of the Cloth Factory apartment building, converted into garages. In total, 23 buildings were built for the Red October factory on the Bersenevsky site, which became the main site.
In 1896, at the All-Russian Industrial and Art Exhibition in Nizhny Novgorod, Einem products were awarded a gold medal; in 1900, the company received the Grand Prix at the World Exhibition in Paris for the range and quality of chocolate. In 1913, Einem was awarded the title of supplier to the court of His Imperial Majesty.
By the beginning of the 20th century, Einem owned two factories in Moscow, branches in Simferopol and Riga, several stores in Moscow and Nizhny Novgorod. After the October Revolution of 1917, the factory was nationalized and became known as “State Confectionery Factory No. 1, former Einem”; in 1922 it was renamed “Red October”, a name it still retains.
During its heyday, Einem was one of the most famous confectionery brands in the entire country. But many of his contemporaries remembered him for producing a wide variety of postcards in addition to his candies and cookies. Today, most people are familiar with the “Moscow in the 23rd Century” series of eight futuristic postcards from 1914, which demonstrate what, in the author’s opinion, Moscow was supposed to look like in the 22nd and 23rd centuries: from 2114 (Central Station card) to 2259 (card “St. Petersburg Highway”).
Central Station. Winter is the same as it was with us 200 years ago. The snow is just as white and cold. Central Station of Ground and Airways. Tens of thousands of people coming and going, everything goes extremely quickly, systematically and conveniently. Passengers have access to land and air. Those who wish can move at the speed of telegrams.
Moskvoretsky Bridge. The Kremlin also decorates the ancient Belokamennaya and with its golden domes presents an enchanting spectacle. Right there, near the Moskvoretsky Bridge, we see new huge buildings of trading enterprises, trusts, societies, syndicates, etc. Against the background of the sky, carriages of the overhead airway glide gracefully...
Lubyanskaya Square. Clear evening. Lubyanskaya Square. The blue sky is outlined by clear lines of luminous airplanes, airships and airway carriages. Long carriages of the Moscow Metro, which we were only talking about in 1914, fly out from under the bridge square. On the bridge over the Metropolitan we see a well-ordered detachment of the valiant Russian army, which has retained its uniform since our times. In the blue air we spot the cargo airship Einem, flying to Tula with a supply of chocolate for retail stores
Moskva river. Busy, noisy banks of the large navigable Moscow River. Huge transport and commercial cruisers and multi-story passenger ships rush along the transparent deep waves of the wide commercial port. The entire fleet of the world is exclusively merchant. The military was abolished after the peace treaty of The Hague. In the bustling harbor one can see the diverse costumes of all the peoples of the globe, for the Moscow River has become a world trading port.
Petrovsky Park. We are transported mentally to Petrovsky Park. The alleys have been expanded beyond recognition. The ancient Peter the Great Palace has been restored and houses the Museum of the Peter the Great era. Wonderful fountains gush out everywhere, sparkling. Devoid of germs and dust, the completely clean air is cut through by airships and airplanes. Crowds of people in bright 23rd century costumes are enjoying the marvelous nature in the same place where we, our great-great-great-grandfathers, used to walk.
Red Square. Red Square. The noise of wings, the ringing of trams, the horns of cyclists, the sirens of cars, the crackling of engines, the screams of the public. Minin and Pozharsky. Shadows of airships. In the center is a policeman with a saber. Timid pedestrians flee to the execution site. This will be the case in 200 years
Petersburg highway. Beautiful clear winter of 2259. A corner of the “old” merry Moscow, the ancient “Yar” still serves as a place of widespread fun for Muscovites, as it was with us more than 300 years ago. For the convenience and pleasantness of communication, the St. Petersburg Highway has been entirely turned into a crystal-ice mirror, along which graceful snowmobiles fly and glide. Traditional sbiten makers and sellers of hot aero skids are scurrying around on small aerial sleds. And in the 23rd century Moscow is faithful to its customs
Theatre square. Theatre square. The pace of life has increased a hundredfold. Everywhere there is lightning-fast movement of wheeled, winged, propeller-driven and other vehicles. The Muir and Merlise Trading House, which existed back in 1846, has now grown to fabulous proportions, with its main departments connected to the air railways. Numerous engines fly out from under the pavement. There is a fire somewhere in the distance. We see a car fire brigade that will end the disaster in a moment. Biplanes, monoplanes and many aerial overflights are rushing to the fire.
However, besides these futuristic postcards there were many other series published in a huge number and serve not only for sending “open letters”, but also for broadening one’s horizons, and are also an excellent collectible item
episode "Quartet Game"
series "Hunting in Russia"
series "To the 300th anniversary of the reign of the House of Romanov"
series "1812"
series "Types of peoples of the globe"
and here, for example, are geographical cards depicting a map of Russia. Please note that it is called the "Constitutional Empire". There were cards with other countries, but I didn’t come across them.
Well, and other very different series of postcards:
All this is now a monument to an irretrievably lost era, which reaches us in postcards like these. They were published “for fun” for themselves, but it turned out that they are much more important for us as a memory of that country that we never knew...
