Maria Rodenko
Experiments with water for preschoolers. Project “Water Sorceress”
Sorceress water
36. There is more ice than water.
Fill a plastic glass with water to the brim. Place it in the freezer overnight without spilling a drop. Take it out when the water freezes completely.
Has there been more or less water? Leave the glass in a warm place and see what happens to the water after it melts.
Explanation: When water freezes, it expands. There is not enough space for the ice in the glass and it is pushed to the top. When the ice melts, the water will take up its previous volume.
37. Ice melting in water.
Purpose: Show the relationship between quantity and quality from size.
Place a large and small “ice floe” in a bowl of water. Ask the children which one will melt faster. Listen to their answers.
Conclusion: The larger the ice floe, the slower it melts, and vice versa.
38. Melting snow.
Goal: To bring children to the understanding that snow melts from any heat source.
Watch the snow melt on a warm hand, mitten, radiator, heating pad, etc.
Conclusion: Snow melts from warm air coming from any heating system.
39. Is it possible to drink melt water?
Goal: To show that even the most seemingly clean snow is dirtier than tap water.
Take two light plates, put snow in one, and pour regular tap water into the other. After the snow has melted, examine the water in the plates, compare it and find out which of them contained snow (identify by the debris at the bottom). Make sure that the snow is dirty melt water and not suitable for people to drink. But, melt water can be used to water plants, and it can also be given to animals.
40. The ability of water to reflect surrounding objects.
Bring a bowl of water into the group. Invite the children to look at what is reflected in the water. Ask the children to find their reflection, to remember where else they saw their reflection.
Conclusion: Water reflects surrounding objects, it can be used as a mirror.
41. Water transparency.
Take two identical glasses. Pour water into one and milk into the other. Place a coin in both cups. See what happened? In which cup is the coin visible and in which is it not?
Explanation: The coin is visible in a glass of water, but not in a glass of milk. Water has no color of its own, it is transparent.
42. Water cycle in nature
Materials: large plastic container, smaller jar and plastic wrap.
Pour some water into the vessel and place it in the sun, covering it with film. The sun will heat the water, it will begin to evaporate and, rising, condense on the cool film, and then drip into the jar.
43. Rainbow effect
We split visible sunlight into individual colors - we reproduce the effect of a rainbow.
Materials: The necessary condition is a clear sunny day. A bowl of water, a sheet of white cardboard and a small mirror.
Place a bowl of water in the sunniest spot. Place a small mirror in the water, resting it against the edge of the bowl. Turn the mirror at an angle so that sunlight falls on it. Then, moving the cardboard in front of the bowl, find the position where the reflected “rainbow” appeared on it. It is possible to use a flashlight.
44. Fluidity of water.
Purpose: To show that water has no shape, spills, flows.
Take 2 glasses filled with water, as well as 2-3 objects made of hard material (cube, ruler, wooden spoon, etc.) and determine the shape of these objects. Ask the question: “Does water have a form?” Invite the children to find the answer on their own by pouring water from one vessel to another (cup, saucer, bottle, etc.). Remember where and how puddles spill.
Conclusion: Water has no shape, it takes the shape of the vessel into which it is poured, that is, it can easily change shape.
45. Water candlestick
Take a short stearin candle and a glass of water. Weight the lower end of the candle with a heated nail (if the nail is cold, the candle will crumble) so that only the wick and the very edge of the candle remain above the surface.
The glass of water in which this candle floats will act as a candlestick. Light the wick and the candle will burn for quite a long time. It seems that it is about to burn down to the water and go out. But this won't happen. The candle will burn out almost to the very end. And, besides, a candle in such a candlestick will never cause a fire. The wick will be extinguished with water.
46. Water suction
Place the flower in water tinted with any paint. Observe how the color of the flower changes. Explain that the stem has conducting tubes through which water rises to the flower and colors it. This phenomenon of water absorption is called osmosis.
47. Does water have a smell?
Pour clean water into two glasses. Invite your child to smell it and say what the water smells like? Then add a drop of valerian to one of the glasses and let it smell again. What happened to the water? Compare two glasses of water.
Explanation: Pure water has no odor. If you add something to water, it begins to smell like the substances that were added to it.
48. What does water taste like?
Pour clean water into 3 glasses. Let your child taste the water and ask what it tastes like?
Pour sugar into one glass and salt into another, stir and let taste. Ask: “What taste does the water have now?”
Explanation: Pure water has no taste, but if you add something to the water, the water will acquire the taste of the substance that was added to it.
49. What is the shape of water?
Pour water into a jug, pour it into a glass, then pour it into a plate and pour it on the table. What happens to water if it is poured into dishes of different shapes?
Explanation: Water is a liquid that has no form. Liquid water takes the shape of the object it is in, and out of the blue it spreads.
50. Making a cloud.
Pour hot water into the jar, then observe. Place ice cubes on a baking sheet and place on top of the jar. The air inside the can rises and cools.
Conclusion: Water vapor concentrates, forming a cloud.
51. Paperclip learns to swim.
Fill a deep bowl halfway with water. Using a fork, carefully place a metal clip on the water. She will float.
Mix some dishwashing liquid in a cup of water. Pour the resulting mixture into a bowl; the paperclip will immediately sink to the bottom.
Explanation: The surface tension of water is able to hold a paper clip. After adding dishwashing liquid, it decreases and the paper clip sinks.
52. Dry paper in water.
Fill a large deep bowl with water. Fill a tall glass one-third full with paper. Place the glass upside down in water.
Take it out and see what happened to the paper. What is it like, dry or wet?
Explanation: the paper remained dry because when the inverted glass is immersed, the air inside the glass prevents the water from rising to the top and wetting the paper.
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Making your children see you as a real wizard is very simple. All you need is sleight of hand and boundless imagination. Science will do the rest for you.
website I have collected for you 6 elementary scientific experiments that will certainly make your children believe in miracles.
Experience No. 1
All we need is one ziplock bag, water, blue food coloring, an extra hand and a little imagination.
Color a small amount of water by adding 4-5 drops of blue food coloring.
To make it more realistic, you can draw clouds and waves on the bag, and then fill it with colored water.
Then you need to seal the bag tightly and stick it to the window using adhesive tape. You will have to wait a bit for the results, but it will be worth it. Now you have your own weather in your home. And your children will be able to watch the rain pour directly into the small sea.
Unmasking the trick
Since the Earth has a limited amount of water, there is such a phenomenon as the water cycle in nature. Under warm sunlight, the water in the bag evaporates into steam. Cooling at the top, it again takes on a liquid form and falls as precipitation. This phenomenon can be observed in the package for several days. In nature this phenomenon is endless.
Experience No. 2
We will need water, a transparent glass jar with a lid (preferably a longer one), dishwashing liquid, glitter and heroic strength.
Fill the jar 3/4 full with water, add a few drops of dishwashing liquid. After a few seconds, add dye and glitter. This will help you see the tornado better. Close the container, unwind it in a spiral and admire it.
Unmasking the trick
When you swirl the can in a circular motion, you create a vortex of water that looks like a mini tornado. Water quickly rotates around the center of the vortex due to centrifugal force. Centrifugal force is the force within a guiding object or fluid such as water relative to the center of its circular path. Whirlwinds occur in nature, but there they are very scary.
Experience No. 3
We will need 5 small glasses, 1 glass of hot water, a tablespoon, a syringe and an inquisitive sweet tooth. Skittles: 2 red, 4 orange, 6 yellow, 8 green and 10 purple.
Pour 2 tablespoons of water into each glass. We count out the required number of candies and place them in glasses. Hot water will help the candies dissolve faster. If you notice that the candies are not dissolving well, put the cup in the microwave for 30 seconds. Then let the liquid cool to room temperature.
Using a syringe or large pipette, pour the colors into a small jar, starting with the thickest and densest (purple) and ending with the least dense (red). You need to drip the syrup very carefully, otherwise everything will get mixed up. First, it is better to drip onto the walls of the jar so that the syrup itself slowly flows down. You'll end up with rainbow Skittles jam.
Unmasking the trick
Experience No. 4
We will need a lemon, a cotton swab, a bottle, any decorations of your choice (hearts, sparkles, beads) and a lot of love.
Squeeze out a little lemon juice into a glass and, dipping a cotton swab into it, write your secret message.
To develop the inscription, heat it (iron it, hold it over the fire or in the oven). Be careful not to let children do this themselves.
Unmasking the trick
Lemon juice is an organic substance that can oxidize (react with oxygen). When heated, it turns brown and “burns” faster than paper. The same effect is given by Orange juice, milk, vinegar, wine, honey and onion juice.
Experience No. 5
We will need gummy worms, baking soda, vinegar, a cutting board, a sharp knife, and two clean glasses.
Cut each worm into 4 pieces. It is better to slightly moisten the knife with water first so that the marmalade does not stick so much. Dissolve 3 tablespoons of baking soda in warm water.
Useful tips
Children are always trying to find out something new every day, and they always have a lot of questions.
They can explain some phenomena, or they can show clearly how this or that thing, this or that phenomenon works.
In these experiments, children will not only learn something new, but also learn create differentcrafts, with which they can then play.
1. Experiments for children: lemon volcano
You will need:
2 lemons (for 1 volcano)
Baking soda
Food coloring or watercolor paints
Dishwashing liquid
Wooden stick or spoon (if desired)
1. Cut off the bottom of the lemon so it can be placed on a flat surface.
2. On the back side, cut out a piece of lemon as shown in the image.
* You can cut off half a lemon and make an open volcano.
3. Take the second lemon, cut it in half and squeeze the juice into a cup. This will be the reserved lemon juice.
4. Place the first lemon (with the cut out part) on the tray and use a spoon to “squeeze” the lemon inside to squeeze out some of the juice. It is important that the juice is inside the lemon.
5. Add food coloring or watercolor inside the lemon, but do not stir.
6. Pour dish soap inside the lemon.
7. Add a full spoon of baking soda to the lemon. The reaction will begin. You can use a stick or spoon to stir everything inside the lemon - the volcano will begin to foam.
8. To make the reaction last longer, you can gradually add more soda, dyes, soap and reserve lemon juice.
2. Home experiments for children: electric eels made from chewing worms
You will need:
2 glasses
Small capacity
4-6 gummy worms
3 tablespoons baking soda
1/2 spoon of vinegar
1 cup water
Scissors, kitchen or stationery knife.
1. Using scissors or a knife, cut lengthwise (precisely lengthwise - it won't be easy, but be patient) each worm into 4 (or more) pieces.
* The smaller the piece, the better.
*If the scissors do not cut properly, try washing them with soap and water.
2. Mix water and baking soda in a glass.
3. Add pieces of worms to the solution of water and soda and stir.
4. Leave the worms in the solution for 10-15 minutes.
5. Using a fork, transfer the worm pieces to a small plate.
6. Pour half a spoon of vinegar into an empty glass and start putting worms into it one by one.
* The experiment can be repeated if you wash the worms with plain water. After a few attempts, your worms will begin to dissolve, and then you will have to cut a new batch.
3. Experiments and experiments: a rainbow on paper or how light is reflected on a flat surface
You will need:
Bowl of water
Clear nail polish
Small pieces of black paper.
1. Add 1-2 drops of clear nail polish to a bowl of water. Watch how the varnish spreads through the water.
2. Quickly (after 10 seconds) dip a piece of black paper into the bowl. Take it out and let it dry on a paper towel.
3. After the paper has dried (this happens quickly) start turning the paper and look at the rainbow that appears on it.
* To better see a rainbow on paper, look at it under the sun's rays.
4. Experiments at home: rain cloud in a jar
As small drops of water accumulate in a cloud, they become heavier and heavier. Eventually they will reach such a weight that they can no longer remain in the air and will begin to fall to the ground - this is how rain appears.
This phenomenon can be shown to children using simple materials.
You will need:
Shaving foam
Food coloring.
1. Fill the jar with water.
2. Apply shaving foam on top - it will be a cloud.
3. Have your child start dripping food coloring onto the “cloud” until it starts to “rain” - drops of coloring begin to fall to the bottom of the jar.
During the experiment, explain this phenomenon to your child.
You will need:
Warm water
Sunflower oil
4 food colors
1. Fill the jar 3/4 full with warm water.
2. Take a bowl and stir 3-4 tablespoons of oil and a few drops of food coloring. In this example, 1 drop of each of 4 dyes was used - red, yellow, blue and green.
3. Using a fork, stir the coloring and oil.
4. Carefully pour the mixture into a jar of warm water.
5. Watch what happens - the food coloring will begin to slowly fall through the oil into the water, after which each drop will begin to disperse and mix with the other drops.
* Food coloring dissolves in water, but not in oil, because... oil density less water(that’s why it “floats” on the water). The dye droplet is heavier than the oil, so it will begin to sink until it reaches the water, where it will begin to disperse and look like a small fireworks display.
6. Interesting experiments: ina circle in which the colors merge
You will need:
- printout of the wheel (or you can cut out your own wheel and draw all the colors of the rainbow on it)
Elastic band or thick thread
Glue stick
Scissors
Skewer or screwdriver (to make holes in the paper wheel).
1. Select and print the two templates you want to use.
2. Take a piece of cardboard and use a glue stick to glue one template to the cardboard.
3. Cut out the glued circle from cardboard.
4. Glue the second template to the back of the cardboard circle.
5. Use a skewer or screwdriver to make two holes in the circle.
6. Thread the thread through the holes and tie the ends into a knot.
Now you can spin your top and watch how the colors merge on the circles.
7. Experiments for children at home: jellyfish in a jar
You will need:
Small transparent plastic bag
Transparent plastic bottle
Food coloring
Scissors.
1. Place the plastic bag on a flat surface and smooth it out.
2. Cut off the bottom and handles of the bag.
3. Cut the bag lengthwise on the right and left so that you have two sheets of polyethylene. You will need one sheet.
4. Find the center of the plastic sheet and fold it like a ball to make a jellyfish head. Tie a thread in the area of the jellyfish's "neck", but not too tightly - you need to leave a small hole through which to pour water into the jellyfish's head.
5. There is a head, now let's move on to the tentacles. Make cuts in the sheet - from the bottom to the head. You need approximately 8-10 tentacles.
6. Cut each tentacle into 3-4 smaller pieces.
7. Pour some water into the jellyfish's head, leaving room for air so the jellyfish can "float" in the bottle.
8. Fill a bottle with water and put your jellyfish in it.
9. Add a couple drops of blue or green food coloring.
* Close the lid tightly to prevent water from spilling out.
* Let the children turn the bottle over and watch the jellyfish swim in it.
8. Chemical experiments: magic crystals in a glass
You will need:
Glass glass or bowl
Plastic bowl
1 cup Epsom salts (magnesium sulfate) - used in bath salts
1 cup hot water
Food coloring.
1. Place Epsom salts in a bowl and add hot water. You can add a couple of drops of food coloring to the bowl.
2. Stir the contents of the bowl for 1-2 minutes. Most of the salt granules should dissolve.
3. Pour the solution into a glass or glass and place it in the freezer for 10-15 minutes. Don't worry, the solution is not so hot that the glass will crack.
4. After freezing, transfer the solution to the main compartment of the refrigerator, preferably on the top shelf, and leave overnight.
The growth of crystals will be noticeable only after a few hours, but it is better to wait overnight.
This is what the crystals look like the next day. Remember that crystals are very fragile. If you touch them, they will most likely immediately break or crumble.
9. Experiments for children (video): soap cube
10. Chemical experiments for children (video): how to make a lava lamp with your own hands
The ability to see miracles in everyday objects distinguishes a genius from other people. Creativity is formed in early childhood, when the baby inquisitively studies the world around him. Scientific experiments, including experiments with water, - easy way get your child interested in natural sciences and an excellent form of family leisure.
From this article you will learn
Why water is good for home experiments
Water is the ideal substance to get acquainted with physical properties items. The advantages of the substance we are familiar with are:
- accessibility and low cost;
- the ability to exist in three states: solid, vapor and liquid;
- the ability to easily dissolve various substances;
- the transparency of the water ensures the clarity of the experience: the baby will be able to explain the result of the study himself;
- safety and non-toxicity of substances necessary for experiments: the child can touch with his hands everything that interests him;
- no additional tools and equipment, special skills and knowledge are needed;
- You can conduct research both at home and in kindergarten.
The complexity of the experiments depends on the age of the child and the level of his knowledge. It is better to start experiments with water for children with simple manipulations, in senior group Preschool or at home.
Experiments for kids (4-6 years old)
All little children enjoy the process of pouring and mixing liquids of different colors. The first lessons can be devoted to getting to know the organoleptic properties of the substance: taste, smell, color.
Children in the preparatory group can be asked how they differ mineral water and sea. In kindergarten, the results of research do not need to be proven and what is happening can be explained in accessible words.
Transparency experience
You will need two transparent cups: one with water, the other with an opaque liquid, for example tomato juice, milk, cocktail tubes or spoons. Place objects in each container and ask the kids, in which of the cups is the straw visible and in which is not? Why? Which substance is transparent and which is impenetrable?
Drowning - not drowning
You need to prepare two glasses of water, salt and raw fresh egg. Add salt to one of the glasses at the rate of two tablespoons per glass. If you put an egg in a clean liquid, it will sink to the bottom, and if you put it in a salty liquid, it will appear on the surface of the water. The child will develop a concept of the density of matter. If you take a large container and gradually add fresh water in salted water, the egg will gradually sink.
Freezing
At the initial stage, it will be enough to pour water into the mold with the child and put it in the freezer. You can watch together the process of melting an ice cube, and speed up the process by touching it with your fingers.
Then complicate the experiment: put a thick thread on an ice cube and sprinkle the surface with salt. After a few moments, everything will grab together and the cube can be lifted up by the thread.
A fascinating sight is represented by melting cubes of colored ice placed in a transparent container with vegetable oil (you can take baby oil). Droplets of water sinking to the bottom form a bizarre pattern that is constantly changing.
Steam is also water
For the experiment, you need to boil water. Notice to the children how steam rises above the surface. Hold a mirror or glass saucer over a container of hot liquid, such as a thermos. Show how droplets flow from it. Make a conclusion: if you heat water, it will turn into steam; when cooled, it will turn into a liquid state again.
"CONSPIRACY"
It's not an experience, but rather a focus. Before starting the experiment, ask the kids if water in a closed container can change color under a magic spell. In front of the children, say a spell, shake the jar, and the colorless liquid will become colored.
The secret is that water-soluble paint, watercolor or gouache is applied to the lid of the container in advance. When shaken, the water washes away the paint layer and changes color. The main thing is not to turn the inside of the lid towards the audience.
Broken pencil
The simplest experiment demonstrating the refraction of an image in a liquid is placing a tube or pencil in a transparent glass filled with water. The part of the product immersed in liquid will appear deformed, causing the pencil to appear broken.
The optical properties of water can also be checked in this way: take two eggs of the same size and immerse one of them in water. One will appear larger than the other.
Expansion on freezing
Take plastic cocktail straws, cover one end with plasticine, fill with water to the brim and seal. Place the straw in the freezer. After a while, notice to the baby that the liquid, freezing, expanded and displaced the plasticine plugs. Explain that water can rupture a container if exposed to low temperatures.
Dry cloth
Place a dry paper napkin at the bottom of an empty glass. Turn it over and lower it vertically into a bowl of water with the edges down to the bottom. Prevent liquid from getting inside by holding the glass with force. Also remove the glass from the water in a vertical direction.
If everything is done correctly, the paper in the glass will not get wet; air pressure will prevent this. Tell the children the story of a diving bell that can be used to lower people to the bottom of a body of water.
Submarine
Place a tube in a glass filled with water and bend it in the lower third. We immerse the glass completely upside down in a container of water so that part of the straw is on the surface. We blow into it, the air instantly fills the glass, it jumps out of the water and turns over.
You can tell the children that fish use this technique: to sink to the bottom, they compress the air bubble with their muscles, and some of the air comes out of it. To rise to the surface, they pump up air and float up.
Bucket rotation
To carry out this experiment, it is advisable to call your dad for help. The procedure is as follows: take a strong bucket with a strong handle and fill it halfway with water. A more spacious place is chosen; it is advisable to conduct the experiment in nature. You need to take the bucket by the handle and quickly rotate it so that the water does not spill. When the experiment is over, you can watch the splashes spilling out of the bucket.
If your child is old enough, explain that liquid is held in place by centrifugal force. You can experience its effect on attractions whose operating principle is based on circular motion.
Vanishing coin
To demonstrate this experiment, pour into liter jar water and close the lid. Take out a coin and give it to the baby so that he can be convinced that it is an ordinary one. Have your child place it on the table and you place the jar on top. Ask your child if he sees the money. Remove the container and the coin will be visible again.
floating paper clip
Before starting the experiment, ask your child whether metal objects sink in water. If he finds it difficult to answer, throw a paper clip vertically into the water. She will sink to the bottom. Tell your child that you know a magic spell to keep the paperclip from sinking. Using a flat hook bent from a second specimen, slowly and carefully place a horizontal paperclip on the surface of the water.
To prevent the product from completely sinking to the bottom, first rub it with a candle. The trick can be carried out thanks to a property of water called surface tension.
Anti-spill glass
For another experiment based on the properties of surface tension of water, you will need:
- transparent smooth glass glass;
- a handful of small metal objects: nuts, washers, coins;
- oil, mineral or vegetable;
- chilled water.
Before conducting the experiment, you need to grease the edges of a clean, dry glass with oil. Fill it with water and lower the metal objects one at a time. The surface of the water will no longer be flat and will begin to rise above the edges of the glass. At some point, the film on the surface will burst and the liquid will spill. Oil in this experiment is needed to reduce the connection between water and the surface of the glass.
Flowers on the water
Required materials and tools:
- paper of different densities and colors, cardboard;
- scissors;
- glue;
- wide container with water: basin, deep tray, dish.
The preparatory stage is making flowers. Cut the paper into squares with a side of 15 centimeters. Fold each one in half and then double again. Randomly cut out the petals. Bend them in half so that the petals form a bud. Dip each flower into the prepared water.
Gradually the flowers will begin to open. The speed of unraveling will depend on the density of the paper. The petals straighten due to swelling of the fibers of the material.
Treasure Hunt
Collect small toys, coins, beads and freeze them in one or more pieces of ice. The essence of the game is that as it thaws, objects will appear on the surface. To speed up the process, you can use kitchen utensils and various tools: forks, tweezers, a knife with a safety blade. If several children are playing, you can arrange a competition.
Everything is absorbed
The experience introduces the child to the ability of objects to absorb liquids. To do this, take a sponge and a plate of water. Dip the sponge into the plate and watch with your child as the water rises and the sponge becomes wet. Experiment with different items, some have the ability to absorb liquids, and some do not.
Ice cubes
Children love to freeze water. Experiment with them with shapes and colors: kids will make sure that the liquid follows the shape of the container in which it is placed. Freeze the colored water into cubes, first insert toothpicks or straws into each.
From the freezer you will get a lot of colorful boats. Put on paper sails and lower the boats into the water. The ice will begin to melt, forming bizarre colored stains: this is the diffusion of liquid.
Experiments with water of different temperatures
Process stages and conditions:
- Prepare four identical glass glasses, watercolor paints or food coloring.
- Pour cold water into two glasses, warm water into two.
- Color warm water black and cold water yellow.
- Place a glass of cold water in a plate, cover the container with warm black liquid with a plastic card, turn it over and place it so that the glasses are located symmetrically.
- Carefully remove the card, being careful not to dislodge the glasses.
- Cold and warm water will not mix due to the properties of physics.
Repeat the experiment, but this time place a glass of hot water down.
Conduct all experiments in kindergarten in a playful way.
Experiments for schoolchildren
Water tricks for schoolchildren should be explained already in elementary grade, introducing them to the simplest scientific concepts, then the young magician will easily master both physics and chemistry in grades 8–11.
Color layers
Take a plastic bottle, fill a third of it with vegetable oil, a third with water, and leave another third empty. Pour food coloring into the bottle and seal it with a lid. A child can see that oil is lighter than air, and water is heavier.
The oil will remain unchanged, but the water will be colored. If you shake the bottle, the layers will shift, but after a few moments everything will be as it was. When placing the container in the freezer, the layer of oil will sink to the bottom and the water will freeze on top.
Non-spill sieve
Everyone knows that you cannot hold water in a sieve. Show your child a trick: grease a sieve with oil and shake. Carefully pour some water along the inside edge of the sieve. Water will not flow out, since it will be retained by the oil film. But if you run your finger along the bottom, it will collapse and the liquid will flow out.
Experiment with glycerin
The experiment can be carried out on the eve of the New Year. Take a jar with a screw top, a small plastic toy, glitter, glue and glycerin. Glue the toy, Christmas tree, snowman to the inside of the lid.
Pour water into a jar, add glitter and glycerin. Close the lid tightly with the figurine inside and turn the container over. Thanks to glycerin, the sparkles will swirl beautifully around the figure if you regularly turn the structure over. The jar can be given as a gift.
Making a cloud
It's more of an environmental experiment. If your child asks you what clouds are made of, do this experiment with water. Pour into a 3 liter jar hot water, approximately 2.5 centimeters. Place pieces of ice on a saucer or baking sheet and place on the jar so that the neck is completely closed.
Soon a cloud of fog (steam) forms inside the container. You can draw your preschooler's attention to condensation and explain why it is raining.
Tornado
Often both children and adults are interested in how such an atmospheric phenomenon as a tornado is formed. Together with your children, you can answer this question by arranging the following experiment with water, which consists of the following steps:
- Prepare two 2-liter plastic bottles, tape, and a metal washer with a diameter of 2.5.
- Fill one of the bottles with water and place a washer on the neck.
- Turn the second bottle over, place it on top of the first and tightly wrap the top of both bottles with tape to prevent water from spilling out.
- Turn the structure over so that the water bottle is on top.
- Create a hurricane: start rotating the device in a spiral. The flowing stream will turn into a mini-tornado.
- Observe the process happening in the bottles.
A tornado can also be created in a bank. To do this, fill it with water, not reaching the edges by 4-5 centimeters, add dishwashing detergent. Close the lid tightly and shake the jar.
Rainbow
You can explain the origin of the rainbow to your child as follows. In a sunny room, place a wide container of water and place a sheet of white paper nearby. Place a mirror in the container and catch it Sunbeam, direct it towards the sheet so that a spectrum appears. You can use a flashlight.
Lord of matches
Pour water into a plate and let it float on the surface of the match. Dip a piece of sugar or soap into the water: in the first case, the matches will gather around the piece, in the second, they will float away from it. This happens because sugar increases the surface tension of water, while soap decreases it.
Water flows up
Place white flowers in a container of water colored with food coloring, preferably carnations or pale green plants such as celery. After some time, the flowers will change color. You can do it simpler: use white paper napkins rather than flowers in the experiment with water.
An interesting effect can be achieved if one edge of the towel is placed in water of a certain color, and the other in another, contrasting shade.
Water from thin air
A fascinating home experiment clearly demonstrates how the condensation process occurs. To do this, take glass jar, fill it with ice cubes, add a spoonful of salt, shake several times and close the lid. After 10 minutes, droplets of water will appear on the outer surface of the jar.
For clarity, wrap it in a paper towel and make sure there is enough water. Tell your child where in nature you can see the process of water condensation: for example, on cold stones under the sun.
Paper cover
If you turn a glass of water over, it will spill out. Can a sheet of paper hold water? To answer the question, cut out a flat lid from thick paper that is 2-3 centimeters larger than the diameter of the edges of the glass.
Fill the glass about halfway with water, place a piece of paper on top and carefully turn it over. Due to air pressure, the liquid must remain in the container.
Thanks to this joke, a student can earn popularity among his classmates.
Soap Volcano
You will need: detergent, soda, vinegar, cardboard for the “volcano”, iodine. Pour water, vinegar, dish soap and a few drops of iodine or other dye into a glass. Make a cone out of dark cardboard and wrap the container with the ingredients so that the edges touch. Pour baking soda into a glass and the volcano will begin to erupt.
Spark plug pump
This fun water trick demonstrates the power of gravity. Take a small candle, place it on a saucer and light it. Pour some colored water into a saucer. Cover the candle with a glass, the liquid will gradually be drawn into it. The explanation lies in the change in pressure inside the container.
Growing Crystals
The result of this experiment will be to obtain beautiful crystals on the surface of the wire. To grow them you need a strong salt solution. You can determine whether the solution is sufficiently saturated by adding a new portion of salt. If it no longer dissolves, the solution is ready. The cleaner the water, the better.
To clear the solution of debris, pour it into another container. Dip a wire with a loop at the end into the solution and place everything in a warm place. To obtain patterned crafts, twist the wire as required. After a few days, the wire becomes covered with salt “snow”.
Dancing coin
Needed Glass bottle, coin and water. Place the empty bottle without the cap in the freezer for 10 minutes. Place a coin soaked in water on the neck of the bottle. In less than a minute, the cold air will expand from heating and begin to displace the coin, causing it to bounce on the surface.
Magic ball
Tools and materials: vinegar, baking soda, lemon, glass, balloon, bottle, duct tape and funnel.
Process progress:
- Pour water into a bottle, add a teaspoon of soda.
- Mix three tablespoons of vinegar and lemon juice.
- Quickly pour the mixture into the water bottle through the funnel and place the ball on the neck of the bottle containing the water and soda mixture. The reaction will occur instantly: the composition will begin to “boil” and the balloon will inflate as air is displaced.
To ensure that air from the bottle gets only into the ball, wrap the neck with electrical tape.
Balls in a frying pan
If you pour a little water onto a hot surface, it will disappear (evaporate). When you add another portion, balls resembling mercury form in the pan.
Burning liquid
Cover the working surface of the sparklers with tape, leaving the tips, set them on fire and place them in a transparent vessel with water. The sticks will not go out, thanks to their chemical composition in water, their fire burns even brighter, creating the effect of a flaming liquid.
Water management
The intensity of sound is another means of changing the direction of fluid flow. The result can be observed using a powerful speaker. Under the influence of music or other sound effects, water takes on a bizarre, fantastic shape, forming foam and mini-fountains.
Rainbow water
The educational experiment is based on changes in the density of water. For the process, take four small glasses of water, dyes, a syringe and granulated sugar.
Add dye to the first glass and leave for a while. In the remaining mixture, dissolve 1, 2 and 3 teaspoons of sugar and dyes of different colors in succession. Unsweetened liquid is poured into a transparent glass with a syringe. Then, using a syringe, water is carefully released to the bottom, to which 0.5 teaspoon of sugar is added.
Third and fourth steps: a solution with an average and maximum concentration is released in the same way: closer to the bottom. If everything is done correctly, the glass will contain water with multi-colored layers.
colorful lamp
The cool experience delights not only children 5-6 years old, but also primary schoolchildren and teenagers. Equal parts of water and water are poured into a glass or plastic bottle. sunflower oil, the dye is poured. The process is started by dropping an effervescent aspirin tablet into water. The effect will be enhanced if you conduct this experiment in a dark room, providing illumination with a flashlight.
Ice Formation
For the trick you will need a 0.5 liter plastic bottle filled with distilled water without gas, and freezer. Place the container in the freezer, after 2 hours, take it out and sharply hit it on a hard surface.
The water will begin to turn into ice before your eyes. The experiment is explained by the composition of distilled water: it lacks centers responsible for crystallization. After impact, bubbles appear in the liquid and the freezing process begins.
This is not all the manipulations carried out with water. Substances such as starch, clay, and shampoo change its properties beyond recognition. Children aged 6-7 years can easily do almost all experiments themselves in the kitchen or experiment under the supervision of their parents by watching a video tutorial or explanatory pictures.
More cool experiments are shown in this video.
If necessary, the small chemist should be offered advice or assistance. It’s even better to do all the research together: even adults will discover many amazing properties of water.
IMPORTANT! *When copying article materials, be sure to include an active link to the original
Olga Guzhova
Experiments for children preparatory group in kindergarten
In the preparatory group, conducting experiments should become the norm; they should be considered not as entertainment, but as a way of familiarization children with the world around us and the most effective way to develop thought processes. Experiments allow you to combine all types of activities and all aspects of education, develop observation and inquisitiveness of the mind, develop the desire to understand the world, all cognitive abilities, the ability to invent, use non-standard solutions in difficult situations, and create a creative personality.
Some important tips:
1. Conduct experiments are better in the morning when the child is full of strength and energy;
2. It is important for us not only to teach, but also interest the child, make him want to gain knowledge and create new ones himself experiments.
3. Explain to your child that you cannot taste unknown substances, no matter how beautiful and appetizing they look;
4. Don't just show it to your child. interesting experience , but also explain in a language accessible to him why this is happening;
5. Do not ignore your child’s questions - look for answers to them in books, reference books, Internet;
6. Where there is no danger, give the child more independence;
7. Invite your child to show his favorites experiments for friends;
8. And most importantly: Rejoice at your child’s successes, praise him and encourage his desire to learn. Only positive emotions can instill a love for new knowledge.
Experience No. 1. "Vanishing Chalk"
For spectacular experience We will need a small piece of chalk. Dip chalk into a glass of vinegar and see what happens. The chalk in the glass will begin to hiss, bubble, decrease in size and soon disappear completely.
Chalk is limestone, upon contact with acetic acid it turns into other substances, one of which is carbon dioxide, which is rapidly released in the form of bubbles.
Experience No. 2. "Erupting Volcano"
Necessary equipment:
Volcano:
Make a cone from plasticine (you can take plasticine that has already been used once)
Soda, 2 tbsp. spoons
Lava:
1. Vinegar 1/3 cup
2. Red paint, drop
3. A drop of liquid detergent to make the volcano foam better;
Experience No. 3. "Lava - lamp"
Needed: Salt, water, a glass of vegetable oil, several food colors, a large transparent glass.
Experience: Fill the glass 2/3 with water, pour into the water vegetable oil. Oil will float on the surface. Add food coloring to water and oil. Then slowly add 1 teaspoon of salt.
Explanation: Oil is lighter than water, so it floats on the surface, but salt is heavier than oil, so when you add salt to a glass, the oil and salt begin to sink to the bottom. As the salt breaks down, it releases oil particles and they rise to the surface. Food coloring will help make experience more visual and spectacular.
Experience No. 4. "Rain Clouds"
Kids will love this simple activity that explains to them how it rains. (schematically, of course): Water first accumulates in the clouds and then spills onto the ground. This " experience" can be done in a science lesson, in a kindergarten, in an older group, and at home with children of all ages - it enchants everyone, and children ask to repeat it again and again. So, stock up on shaving foam.
Fill the jar with water about 2/3 full. Squeeze the foam directly on top of the water until it looks like a cumulus cloud. Now pipette onto the foam (or better yet, entrust this to a child) colored water. And now all that remains is to watch how the colored water passes through the cloud and continues its journey to the bottom of the jar.
Experience No. 5. "Red Head Chemistry"
Place finely chopped cabbage in a glass and pour boiling water over it for 5 minutes. Strain the cabbage infusion through a cloth.
Pour cold water into the other three glasses. Add a little vinegar to one glass, a little soda to the other. Add the cabbage solution to a glass with vinegar - the water will turn red, add it to a glass of soda - the water will turn blue. Add the solution to a glass of clean water - the water will remain dark blue.
Experience No. 6. "Blow up the balloon"
Pour water into a bottle and dissolve a teaspoon of baking soda in it.
2. In a separate glass, mix lemon juice with vinegar and pour into a bottle.
3. Quickly place the balloon on the neck of the bottle, securing it with electrical tape. The ball will inflate. Baking soda and lemon juice mixed with vinegar react to release carbon dioxide, which inflates the balloon.
Experience No. 7. "Colored milk"
Needed: Whole milk, food coloring, liquid detergent, cotton swabs, plate.
Experience: Pour milk into a plate, add a few drops of different food colors. Then you need to take a cotton swab, dip it in the detergent and touch the swab to the very center of the plate with milk. The milk will begin to move and the colors will begin to mix.
Explanation: The detergent reacts with the fat molecules in the milk and causes them to move. That's why for experience Skim milk is not suitable.
