Do you like going to restaurants? Then, when you are in Spain, knowledge about food and visiting a restaurant will definitely come in handy. In this lesson you will find structured vocabulary on the topics of fruits, vegetables, meat, dairy products, seasonings and drinks. You will also learn how to describe any product and place an order, and several dialogues will help you navigate when ordering in cafes and restaurants.
Lexico: “Me gustan los melocotones y las peras”
Vocabulary: “I like peaches and pears”
Familiarize yourself with the basic vocabulary on the topic of food:
Frutas - fruits
Estas peras son las mejores, aunque también las más caras. These pears are the best, but also the most expensive.
Verduras - vegetables
Para esta salsa necesito un huevo, un diente de ajo, sal y aceite. For this sauce I need an egg, a clove of garlic, salt and olive oil.
Lácteos - dairy products
Póngame un café con leche, por favor. Please give me coffee with milk.
La carne - meat
Póngame cuatro filetes de salmón, por favor. Give me 4 salmon fillets, please.
Me gustan las chuletas de cordero. I like lamb cutlets.
Las especias - seasonings
¡Qué rica está la salsa! - What a delicious sauce!
Otros - others
¿Quiere un poco más de sopa? Would you like some more soup?
Las bebidas - drinks
El café (solo, con leche, cortado) - coffee (black, with milk, with a small amount of milk)
El té - tea
El zumo (de + ...) / jugo (de + ...) - juice
El refresco - soft drink
La cerveza - beer
El agua mineral - mineral water
- Spanish a sparkling wine
El coñac - cognac
El vino (tinto, blanco, seco) - wine (red, white, dry)
Quiero una botella de agua mineral. ¿Con gas o sin gas? I'd like a bottle mineral water. With or without gas?
Ejercicio. Continúa las frases / Exercise. Continue the sentences.
- Mi fruta preferida es…
- Mi verdura preferida es…
- Almuerzo con…
- Suelo cenar con…
- Normalmente mi desayuno consiste de…
- Me gusta cocinar...
- Para beber me gusta...
- Prefiero…de los dulces.
- La cereza
- El tomate
- La sopa
- La ensalada
- Tortilla and queso
- Verduras and carne
- Te verde
- Pastel
Find out how to describe food, this can be useful to you in a restaurant.
Esta sopa está sosa, le falta sal. This soup is tasteless and lacks salt.
Creo que esta carne está demasiado salada. I think this meat is over-salted.
Sabroso, rico - delicious
Ligero - light
Agrio - sour
Dulce - sweet
Salado - salty
Picante - spicy
Grasiento - bold
Magro - lean (low-fat)
Soso - fresh
Familiarize yourself with the words you need when visiting a cafe or restaurant.
La carta - menu
El aperitivo - appetizer
El fiambre - cold appetizer
El primer plato - first course
La sopa - soup
El caldo - broth
La guarnición - side dish
La ensalada - salad
La cuenta - score
El camarero - waiter
Words and expressions that you can use when you come to a cafe or restaurant:
Voy (Vamos) a tomar - I will drink (we will drink).
Quiero... - I want...
¿Puede traernos la carta, por favor? — Could you bring us a menu?
¿Está libre esta mesa? — Is this table free?
De primero... - First things first
De segundo... - On to the second
De postre... - For dessert
Tráigame el aceite, por favor - Please bring me some olive oil.
Tráigame(tráiganos) la cuenta - Bring me (us) the bill
La cuenta, por favor. - The check, please.
Here's what you can hear from the waiter:
¿Tiene reserve? — Do you have a reservation?
Aquí la carta - Here is the menu
¿Qué desea? - What do you wish?
¿Qué va a tomar? - What will you drink?
¿Qué van a tomar? - What (plural) will you drink?
¿Y para beber? - What about drinks?
¿Y de postre? - What about dessert?
¿Les sirvo...? - Should I give it to you?
¿Algo más? - Something else?
Diálogos /Dialogues
En cafeteria / In the cafe
Mario: Buenos días. Good afternoon.
V.: ¿Qué desea? What do you want?
M.: ¿Tiene tortilla de patatas? Do you have tortilla (Spanish potato omelette)?
V.: Sí. ¿Quiere la salsa? Yes. Would you like some sauce for it?
M.: Sí, por favor. Yes, please.
También quiero el bistec. Besides, I'd like a steak.
V.: No tenemos, lo siento. Unfortunately, we don't.
M.: Entonces quiero el salchichón. Then, smoked sausage.
C.: Muy bien. Very good.
M.: También quiero la tarta de manzana y café solo. Also, I would like apple pie and black coffee.
V.: Estupendo. Great.
¿Algo más? Something else?
M.: No, gracias. No thanks.
V.: Son 20 euros. Your fee is 20 euros.
M.: Aquí tiene. Here you are
En restaurante / In the restaurant
Alejandro: Vamos a tomar el menú del día. Let's take the dish of the day.
De primero quiero el gazpacho y de segundo la chuleta de ternera. I'll have gazpacho for first, and veal cutlet for second.
Pablo: Para mí los espárragos y el bistéc. And I'll have asparagus and steak.
Camarero: ¿Cómo prefiere su bistec? How to cook your steak?
Pablo: Lo prefiero poco frito. I prefer it rare.
Camarero: ¿Y usted, señora? What about you, senora?
Penélope: Pues, voy a tomar la paella y una ensalada mixta. Well, I'll take the paella and salad.
Camarero: ¿Y para beber? And the drinks.
Alejandro: Tráiganos una botella de vino seco y dos cervezas. Bring us a bottle of dry wine and two beers.
Camarero: Bien, ¿qué quieren de postre? Okay, what do you want for dessert?
Pablo: Dos helados y una tarta, un café con leche y un café solo. Two scoops of ice cream, a piece of cake, coffee with milk and black coffee.
Y tráiganos la cuenta, por favor. And bring us the bill, please.
In this post, I will list the names of vegetables and fruits and some idioms with them. Several more posts will follow with, as well as synonyms for la comida and verb comer(from the Spanish language portal).
Las hortalizas – vegetables
la cebolla (amarilla)- onion
contigo, pan and cebolla
– I agree with you to eat only bread and onions. In Russian, “paradise with a sweetheart and in a hut.”
el ajo- garlic
estar en el ajo
- to be aware of some secret matter: por sus comentarios, yo creo que él también está en el ajo
Quien se pica, ajos come
– whoever is offended eats garlic; very similar to our “they carry water for the offended.” The Spanish phrase is used by a person instead of apologizing to the interlocutor, so to speak. The person reacts inappropriately to what you said, because there is some truth there (and he, wounded, understands this).
A le dice a B: Hay que ver que nunca vienes con tu novia! Será que no quieres que la conozcamos.
Entonces B se siente molesto con el comentario porque a lo mejor es verdad que no quiere que la conozcan.
Pues en este caso A le puede decir a B: “quien se pica ajos come” refiriéndose a que si se picó por el comentario que le hizo (es decir, si se sintió molesto) es porque A tenía razón.
los esparragos– asparagus
¡Vete a freír espárragos!
– lit. go fry asparagus, that is, get out!
Las verduras de hojas – leafy vegetables
la col- cabbage
Entre col y col, lechuga
– not the most popular saying, but I’ll give it here anyway 😉 The literal translation is between a head of cabbage and another head of cabbage – salad. The expression appeared a long time ago when peasants brought their goods to the market in the city and, partly for variety and partly to hide not very good goods, put cabbage in cabbage heads with lettuce. Nowadays, if this expression is used, it is in the sense that among something good there can also be something bad.
la lechuga iceberg- iceberg lettuce
ser, estar como una lechuga
– be as fresh as a cucumber, well-slept and rested
la espinaca- spinach
Las inflorescencias – flowering vegetables
la coliflor- cauliflower
el brécol- broccoli
la alcachofa– artichoke
Las hortalizas de fruto – fruit vegetables
el tomate (en frame) –
tomatoes (on a branch) ()
no hay cocinera sin tomates a su vera
– it never happens that a (good) cook doesn’t have tomatoes on hand
trabalenguas: Un tomatero tomó un mortero y mató a un matutero que tomó un tomate de su tomatera.
las aceitunas- olives ()
el pimiento- Bell pepper
el chile- chilli
el pepino- cucumber
la berenjena- eggplant
el calabacín– zucchini
la calabaza- pumpkin. It’s easy to remember, because if you’ve ever drank the popular Latin American drink mate, then you used calabaza and bombilla (la bomba - pump, bombilla - pump; a straw through which mate is sipped)
Las raíces – root vegetables
el rábano– radish
la zanahoria- carrot
The carrot and stick method is called in Spanish la politics de palo(sticks) y zanahoria
la remolacha- beet
Las legumbres – legumes
las lentejas- lentils
el cacahuete– peanuts
las habas- beans, en todas partes cuecen habas
– beans are boiled everywhere, that is, troubles happen in all houses, everyone has problems.
los garbanzos– chickpeas
los guisantes – green pea
las judias- beans. Interesting word. After all, un judío is a “Jew”, that is, “beans” in Spanish are called “Jews”...
Las frutas – fruits
las Bayas- berries
la grosella- Red Ribes
la grosella negra- black currant
la grosella espinosa– gooseberry
la uva- grape. It’s surprising that in almost all languages grapes are called differently: grapes (English), le raisin (French), la uva (Italian and port). But moreover, grapes as a plant are not called at all like grapes-berries
eng. vine – grapes
fr. la vigne – le raisin
Spanish la viña – la uva
it. la vite – la uva
port. la videira – la uva
tener mala uva
– have a grumpy, bilious character, and also have bad intentions, estar de mala uva
- to be in a bad mood
Qué mala uva tienes. Me has pegado el balonazo adrede.
No puedo hacerte una broma porque tienes mala uva.
el arándano- blueberry
el arándano agrio- cranberry
el alquequenje– in the dictionary it says “alkekenge”, but from the picture it is clearly visible that this is a physalis...
la frambuesa- raspberries
la fresa- strawberry
Las drupas – stone fruits
la ciruela- plum
el melocotón- peach
la nectarina– nectarine
el albaricoque– apricot
la cereza- cherries
la guinda– cherry, and figurative meaning “bonus, cherry on the cake”: Cerré el contrato y como guinda conseguí que lo ampliaran en un par de años.
¡échale guindas al pavo!
– throw cherries to the duck; an exclamation of surprise, as they say when something unusual or out of the ordinary has happened, especially if a person is surprised by the ease and dexterity with which a person managed to solve a problem or get out of a difficult situation: Ahí lo tienes, trabajando y ha sido capaz de sacarse la carrera en tres años… ¡Échale guindas al pavo!
The expression comes from amazing échale guindas a la Tarasca y verás cómo las masca- Throw cherries to Taraska, and you will see how she eats them. I especially like the word Tarasca;) - this was the name of a mechanical figure in the form of a bird or dragon with a long movable neck. Such figures took part in the procession on the feast of Corpus Christi. Boys from the audience often threw cherries, cherries and sweets into Tarasca’s mouth.
el dátil- date fruit. Interestingly, in English this word is very similar to “data” and “date” - a date.
Las frutas secas – dried fruits
el pistacho– pistachios
el anacardo– cashew (in Russian, it turns out, it is also called acaju, did you know?)
la almendra– almonds
la avellana- hazelnut
la nuez- Walnut
Mucho ruido, pocas nueces
– much ado about nothing; a lot of talk, little action: Dicen que si siguen hablando de nosotros en la televisiónterminaremos haciéndonos ricos, pero yo creo que eso es mucho ruido y pocas nueces.
sacarle las castañas del fuego a uno
– to help someone out in a difficult situation, to solve their problems for someone (that is, to pull chestnuts out of the fire for them): si tú no te esfuerzas, nadie va a sacarte las castañas del fuego
el coco – coconut, as well as a colloquial name for “head” - “head”, “bowler”
comerse el coco
– lit. think and think about something, scroll through some situation, solutions in your head: no te comas más el coco, no puedes hacer nada
la pasa- raisin
arrugado como una pasa– wrinkled like a raisin, or about a very wrinkled person, or, you know, if you sit in a hot bath for too long, the skin on your arms and legs becomes very wrinkled, this is also about this condition
las ciruelas pasas- prunes
las ojeras– dried apricots
Las frutas pomo – pome fruits
la pera– pear, and also in a figurative sense the word pera can mean either something very good or something very bad – ser algo la pera/la pera en bota/la pera limonera
:
Ese coche es la pera- here, from the context, it will be clear whether this car is cool, or a complete ***.
si encima me tocara la lotería sería la pera limonera
pedir peras al olmo
- to ask for pears to grow on the poplar, that is, to ask for something unreal: pedir le a este tacaño que te devuelva el dinero el como pedir peras al olmo. ¡No habérselo prestado! Todo el mundo sabe cuan avaro es este chico.
ser alguien una pera/una perita en dulce
– (about someone) to be a pear in syrup, that is, to be a very attractive person (not only about appearance): este novio tuyo es una perita en dulce
la manzana- apple
el membrillo– quince
Interestingly, quince marmalade is called la carne de membrillo
Los cítricos – citrus fruits
el lemon– lemon
la lima– lime
la naranja- orange
la media naranja
– (my, your) other half: todavía anda buscando su media naranja
piel de naranja
– cellulite
¡Naranjas de China!
- what more! look what you want!
la naranja china– kumquat
la mandarina– tangerine
la Toronja– grapefruit
Los melones – melons
el melon– melon
ser un melon- about a person, stupid, stupid: si no comprendes esto es porque eres un melon
A big head can also be called un melon
la sandia- watermelon
Frutas tropicales – tropical fruits
I am sure that in Latin America there are a lot of expressions with the names of local fruits. A ver, ¿qué nos dicen los residentes de Panamá y la isla de Margarita? 😉
el Platano– banana
la fruta de la pasion– passion fruit (I already wrote)
el kiwi– kiwi
la piña- a pineapple
El Higo– figs
el caqui - persimmon
el mango– mango (also el mango is a handle, a handle; the words, of course, have different etymologies)
There will be spices, cereals, milk and much, much more!
Beginners learning the Spanish language and culture are always especially interested in the topic of food.
In this lesson we will talk about what each meal is called in a Spanish-speaking environment, and also get acquainted with the basic concepts that are directly related to the topic of food in Spanish.
The topic of food in Spanish
Let's start with the fact that in Spain and Latin America, special attention is paid to eating.
Both Spaniards and Latin Americans love to eat and try not to miss a single meal. Many people in the Spanish-speaking world prefer to eat in numerous cafes and restaurants.
The common name for food in Spanish is la commda
The main meals are breakfast el desayuno, lunch el almuerzo and dinner la cena.
Breakfast time (desayuno) is usually from 8 to 10 am. In most Spanish-speaking countries, breakfast consists of coffee, toast with marmalade, medialunas (croissants), and sometimes fruit salad.
It is worth noting that in most Spanish-speaking countries, a siesta is accepted, which lasts from 13 to 16-18 hours. At this time, almost all shops, restaurants and offices are closed, many people go home and go to bed, in order to then continue their day and the day also ends very late. This regime is associated with a very hot climate.
So let's practice.
-A que hora es la cena? -What time is dinner?
Es a la una. - At one o'clock
-A que hora almuerzas?
-When is lunch?
Yo almuerzo a las dos - At two.-A que hora tomas el desayuno normalmente?
– What time do you usually have breakfast?– Yo tomo el desayuno a las siete.
– I have breakfast at six.
In the next lesson we will talk in more detail about the names of dishes, products, and also get acquainted with some traditional dishes
Spaniards and Latin Americans.
Once, having received pieces of melon wrapped in jamon for lunch, I realized that I needed to have a translation of the local menu with me. Before my trip to Germany, I spent a long time preparing, collecting, and translating. As a result, the translation of the menu was very useful to me (,). Now I’m preparing for Spain and, in order not to lose face, I decided to prepare and found this on the Internet: The Costa del Sol is not only a paradise for tourists, but also a Mecca for gourmets. Thousands of a wide variety of establishments are scattered along the entire coast. Here they know a lot about food, know how to cook deliciously and enjoy eating fantastic gastronomic delights that only the human imagination of the chefs who created them is capable of. Perhaps only here you will taste “conchas finas” - one of the most gourmet dishes
from shellfish. Only here you will try an unforgettable seafood salad seasoned with fresh lemon juice (“salpicon de mariscos”). This appetizer perfectly combines the freshness of the tomato, the tenderness of the anchovies and the heat of the garlic, softened by Virgen Extra olive oil. Only on the Costa del Sol will you truly understand what properly prepared Moroccan fiery scarlet carabineros are. Only in this part of Spain can they fry rooster fish so deliciously. And soups in Sunny Beach are prepared in a special way. Excellent emblanco soup is different from all others fish soups
Well, if fish pickles set your teeth on edge (unlikely, but still), go away from the coast, into the mountains, and somewhere in a small cozy restaurant For 4-5 tables, order lamb shoulder. The cook will coat it with honey and bake it in the oven. The honey will drain, leaving the meat golden in color and crispy. And the taste of the most tender lamb, flavored with the aroma of light wine from La Mancha, will forever remain in your memory. In general, Spanish wine is worthy of a whole novel. The most famous of Spanish wines, Rioja, is very popular among tourists, but it is still not the best.
Bodegas in La Mancha and Catalonia also produce excellent wines. And of course, Ribera del Duero (“Ribiera del Duero”). The wines of this brand are definitely the kings of Spanish wines.
If you are not a great connoisseur of Spanish wines, then it is best to modestly ask your waiter in the restaurant which wine is the best. There is nothing wrong with this; on the contrary, any Spaniard would be pleased to show his knowledge and show off his erudition. But even in this case, you need to know, like the Lord's Prayer, a few common wine terms in order to carry on a casual conversation. So, red wine is tinto, young wine is joven, and aged wine is reserva. White, rose, sparkling and champagne wines have a different hierarchy. Seco means the wine is dry; Dulce ("dulse") - sweet.
In general, not knowing Spanish can significantly complicate your choice in a restaurant. Not all Spanish waiters know English, and if they do, they speak it extremely reluctantly, and also quite poorly. However, in almost all decent restaurants the menu in Spanish is also duplicated in English language. And the most far-sighted owners of some restaurants went even further. Seeing that more and more tourists from Russia come to the Costa del Sol every year, and how they love to eat deliciously, the menu is offered in Russian.
DIVINE DRINK
Today, Spain gives the world exquisite wines produced in various regions of the country. Along with bread and olives, it is part of the so-called "Mediterranean diet", which, according to many experts, is considered one of the most balanced and healthy. The first mentions of the wonderful therapeutic properties of wine are found in the works of such philosophers as Hippocrates, Aristotle and Plato. In Spain there is a special attitude towards wine. They know how to turn every sip into a real ritual. Popular wisdom is replete with proverbs about this drink: “An old man who drinks wine will not die soon,” “A sip of wine will restore the strength of a tired traveler,” “With bread and wine you can safely go through life,” “Love and wine, the older, the better.” "... And so we can continue ad infinitum.The wines of Spain vary depending on the grape variety, the region's soil and climate. Rioja and Ribera del Duero are considered one of the most prestigious grape growing regions in Spain. Valencia has long been a supplier of wine materials to Switzerland and Eastern European countries. Regions such as Navarra, La Mancha, Valdepenas, Utiel Requena, Jumilla, Penedes, Aragon and many others are also known for winemaking. .
Spanish wine can be classified according to its age:
- Joven ("Hoven") - young wine
- Crianza ("krianza") - wine aged for at least six months in oak barrels, and 1.5 years in bottles.
- Reserva (“reserve”) - wine aged for at least 1 year in oak barrels and 2 years in bottles.
- Gran reserva (“gran reserve”) - aging for at least 2 years in oak barrels and 3 years in bottles.
If young wine can be drunk immediately after uncorking the bottle, then more mature wines should sit in an open bottle for half an hour - an hour so that its entire bouquet is revealed.
Golden rules:
- Young wines are drunk before aged ones.
- Wines with fewer degrees - before stronger ones.
- Chilled - before wines at room temperature.
- Dry - before wines with a high sugar content.
Wine accompanies most fish, meat and poultry dishes. Cheeses are also ideal companions for wine. One of important points dinner or celebration - the choice of aperitif, since this first glass sets the tone for the entire evening. As an aperitif, sherry (Jerez) or fino (Fino), cava (cava is a Spanish version of champagne), for appetizers - dry white wines, sherry (fino, manzanilla) or semi-sweet and rose wines, as a digestif - a glass of brandy or " Sweet Malaga." Dry white wines or cava are offered with fish, oysters, crabs, and shellfish. Light red wines go well with white meat (veal, lamb, pork) and poultry. Aged red wines are served with red meats (lamb, beef).
Spanish red wines are aromatic, with a definite oaky flavor. Each area has a special mix various varieties grapes The most popular of them are Tempranillo, Tinto Fino or Tinto del pais, Tinto de Togo, Tinto de Madrid, Cencibel, Garnacha, Bobal, Graciano, Monastrel, Moristel, Cabernet Savignon, Merlot, Pinot Noir .
White wines from Spain are complex, with a balance of oak and fruit aromas. It is important to remember that white wine is drunk chilled. Albarino grapes, grown in the north-west of Spain, in Galicia (Rias Baixes), form the basis for the production of most of Spain's high-quality white wines. It is characterized by a pale straw color and a complex, harmonious bouquet with a dominant flavor of honey plants, narcissus and apricot.
In addition to world-famous red and white wines, Spain can be proud of its unique sherry (Jerez). This is a dry wine of about 20 degrees, aged in unfilled barrels under a film of special yeast cells. In every self-respecting restaurant, including outside Andalusia, the birthplace of this drink, before dinner you will be offered a little chilled (to a temperature of 9-1°C) sherry in a tulip-shaped glass. Its capacity is up to one hundred grams, but it is only filled to a third, so that, as the Spaniards say, the wine “has freedom of movement.”
Jerez is well known under the name "Jerez de la Frontera", after the city in which it was first produced and where the oldest factories for its production are located. Sherry itself has several varieties, each with its own secret. Its main types: Fino (fino) - exquisite light dry, slightly tart wine; Oloroso (oloroso) - dark, buttery wine with nutty-caramel tones; Amontillado (amontillado) - a dark amber-colored wine made from fino; Cream (cream) - a very sweet sherry, mainly for export; and a rather rare type - Palo cortado (palo cortado) - dark sherry of the highest quality. "Moscatel" and "Pedro Jimenez" are the sweetest types of sherry, produced from grapes of the corresponding varieties. Very dry sherry from Sanlúcar with a characteristic salty taste has its own name - Manzanilla.
But, as they say, Spain lives not only by wine. For many centuries now there has been an unshakable tradition that all its inhabitants adhere to: on their birthday, at Christmas or New Year always raise a glass of cava. It is the most famous in the Pyrenees sparkling drink, which has been produced since 1872 according to the classic French technology(method champenoise). You can find the following inscriptions on the labels: Brut - dry, no sugar added, Brut nature - very dry, Seco - dry, Demi seco - semi-dry, Demi dulce - semi-sweet, Dulce - sweet.
WINE CARD
| years | 89 | 90 | 91 | 92 | 93 | 94 | 95 | 96 | 97 | 98 | 99 | 00 | 01 | 02 | 03 | |
| 1 | Alicante | IN | M.B. | B | IN | B | IN | IN | IN | IN | M.B. | M.B. | M.B. | IN | B | |
| 2 | Bierzo | M.B. | M.B. | M.B. | M.B. | D | M.B. | IN | M.B. | IN | B | B | M.B. | M.B. | M.B. | M.B. |
| 3 | Carinena | IN | M.B. | M.B. | M.B. | M.B. | IN | IN | M.B. | R | EX | B | M.B. | M.B. | B | |
| 4 | Cost, del Segre | M.B. | B | M.B. | B | EX | M.B. | EX | M.B. | M.B. | M.B. | M.B. | M.B. | M.B. | M.B. | |
| 5 | Jumilla | IN | M.B. | M.B. | B | M.B. | M.B. | IN | M.B. | B | EX | M.B. | M.B. | B | M.B. | |
| 6 | La Mancha | M.B. | B | B | M.B. | EX | M.B. | IN | M.B. | M.B. | EX | M.B. | M.B. | M.B. | M.B. | M.B. |
| 7 | Navarra | M.B. | B | B | B | M.B. | M.B. | EX | M.B. | B | M.B. | M.B. | M.B. | M.B. | B | |
| 8 | Penedes | M.B. | M.B. | B | B | M.B. | M.B. | M.B. | M.B. | M.B. | EX | M.B. | M.B. | M.B. | M.B. | |
| 9 | Priorato | B | B | B | M.B. | EX | M.B. | EX | EX | B | EX | M.B. | B | EX | B | M.B. |
| 10 | Ribera Duero | EX | B | M.B. | B | R | M.B. | EX | EX | B | M.B. | EX | M.B. | EX | M.B. | M.B. |
| 11 | Rioja | IN | B | M.B. | B | IN | EX | EX | M.B. | B | M.B. | B | B | EX | B | B |
| 12 | Somontano | M.B. | B | M.B. | M.B. | EX | EX | EX | M.B. | B | EX | M.B. | B | EX | M.B. | M.B. |
| 13 | Terra Alta | EX | M.B. | B | M.B. | M.B. | M.B. | M.B. | EX | M.B. | EX | M.B. | EX | M.B. | ||
| 14 | Toro | EX | EX | EX | EX | M.B. | M.B. | M.B. | M.B. | B | M.B. | EX | M.B. | M.B. | EX | |
| 15 | Utiel Requena | B | B | M.B. | EX | M.B. | IN | M.B. | B | M.B. | M.B. | M.B. | EX | M.B. | B | |
| 16 | Valdepenas | EX | M.B. | M.B. | B | EX | B | M.B. | M.B. | B | M.B. | IN | M.B. | M.B. | M.B. | |
| 17 | Yecla | B | B | B | IN | B | M.B. | M.B. | B | M.B. | M.B. | EX | B | M.B. |
SNACKS AND SALADS (ENSALADAS)
Entrantes frios(entrantes frios) - cold appetizerEntrantes calientes(entrantes calientes) - hot snack
Tapas(tapas) - a variety of snacks, hot and cold. They are eaten with a fork and hands, with or without pieces of bread, and are especially popular at lunchtime and at parties. In Andalusia there is great amount restaurants that specialize exclusively in preparing tapas
Rinones al jerez(riñones al sherry) - buds in sherry
Pulpo condimentado con tomate y ajo(pulpo condimentado con tomate e ajo) - octopus in tomato-garlic seasoning
Estofado de cordero(estofado de cordero) - stewed lamb
Conejo en salsa de almendras(conejo en salsa de almend-ras) - rabbit in almond sauce
Mejillones con salsa(mejillones con salsa) - mussels in sauce
Moluscos con salsa(moluscos con salsa) - clams in sauce
Pimiento asado(pimiento asado) - roasted peppers
Chistorra(chistorra) - thinly sliced smoked sausages
Chorizo(chorizo) - smoked sausage(with red pepper)
Empanadillas(empanadillas) - fried dumplings With various fillings
Entremeses(entremeses) - assorted snacks of sausages, cheeses, pickled vegetables
Pinchos(pintxos) - a mini sandwich impaled on a pointed wooden stick or an ordinary toothpick
Escalivada(escalivada) - various vegetable stew
Patatas(patatas) - potatoes
Huevos revueltos(huevos revueltos) - omelette
Revuelto(revuelto) - a dish of beaten eggs, similar to an omelette, with the addition of mushrooms, asparagus, spinach, salmon, etc.
Tortilla(tortilla) - omelette with potatoes
Tortilla Sacromonte(Tortilla Sacromonte) - an omelette type dish. Potatoes and onions are stewed over low heat in olive oil, pieces of ham, green peas (sometimes other ingredients) are added, poured with beaten eggs and fried on both sides. Zarzuela (zarzuela) - fish fry in tomato sauce with Andalusian spices
SOUPS AND MAIN DISHES (SOPAS)
Gaspacho(gazpacho) - cold tomato soupGazpacho andaluz(gazpacho andalus) - cold vegetable soup, to which tomatoes, peppers, onions, cucumbers, and pieces of fried bread are added. Sometimes called "liquid salad"
Salmonejo(salmonejo) - cold soup like gazpacho, but thicker
Sopa de ajo bianco con uvas(sopa de ajo blanque con uvas) - thick cream soup with garlic, almonds and grapes
Ajoblanco(ajoblanco) - thick cream soup with almonds, garlic and fruit.
Crema(cream) - vegetable puree soup
Pescado(pescado) - fish
Mariscoc(mariscos) - seafood (shrimp, etc.)
Mariscada(mariscada) - assorted seafood
Carne(carne) - meat
Polio(pollo) - chicken
Arroz(appoc) - rice
Paella(paella) - rice with seafood; Andalusian version of the dish: rice with pieces of chicken and pork combined with fresh seashells, shellfish, vegetables and herbs
Cocido(cocido) - Andalusian version: everything that is available is put into the cauldron: meat, chicken, ham, smoked meats, sausages, herbs, vegetables, dry beans, lentils, potatoes, etc. Boiled and served in the form of soup (sometimes with the addition of rice and pasta) and separately - meat with vegetables and herbs
Fritura malaguena(fritura malaguena) - fried fish platter
Habas con jamon(abas con jamon) - beans with ham
Atun(atun) - tuna in various options. One of the main components of the region's dishes
Sardinas(sardinas) - sardines
Pez espada(dog espada) - swordfish with various side dishes
Raya(raya) - skate with seasonings and additions Fideuas (fideuas) - pasta, shaped like rice
Pasta(pasta) - pasta of various shapes
DESSERT (POSTRES)
Tarta de almendras(tarta de almendras) - almond cakeCrema de membrillo con queso(creama de membrillo con que-so) - curd and cheese dessert with jam
Crema catalana(cream catalana) - egg-milk sweet soufflé with caramel crust
DRINKS (BEBIDAS)
Vino(wine) - wineJerez de la Frontera(Jerez de la Frontera) is the most famous wine of Andalusia. The sherry produced in the city of Jerez de la Frontera is especially famous.
Vino bianco, Montilla-Moriles(vino blanco, Montilla Moriles) - among dry table Andalusian wines, white wines from Montilla Moriles - the outskirts of Cordoba - are especially valued
Moscatel de Malaga(Moscatel de Malaga) - excellent dessert wines from Moscatel grapes produced in Malaga have long been known to connoisseurs throughout Spain and Europe
Aguardiente(aguardiente) - this Reviver(vodka) is especially popular. Literally translated it means “scalding water.” It comes with the flavor of almond (almendra), cherry (cereza), orange (paranja), etc.
Brandy de Jerez(brandy de Jerez) - cognac drink from the vicinity of Jerez. Enjoys a good reputation not only in Spain but also abroad
Cerveza(serve) - beer. It is characterized by high quality and relative cheapness
Cana(kanya) - a small glass of draft beer
Jarra(xappa) - large mug
GASTRONOMY
The Spaniards adhere to the Mediterranean diet, which experts proper nutrition considered one of the most balanced and useful. This means that they consume large quantities of vegetables, fruits and olive oil. They prefer fish and seafood to meat, and meals are accompanied not by strong alcoholic drinks, but by locally produced wines. The menu of local restaurants sounds like a fairy tale from the Arabian Nights: lobster stew with scallops and shells, lobster in seafood sauce, black rice with shrimp, colored with “ink” - squid juice... If you don’t read If you speak Spanish and do not speak other European languages, and the restaurant you have chosen does not have a menu in Russian, we recommend ordering any dish listed under the heading “Pescados” (fish). The Spaniards also cook meat (“Carries”) well, but on the coast it is not as popular as fish dishes. Here, first of all, you need to try something that you won’t find in Moscow during the day, even in very expensive specialized restaurants. Another way to avoid hitting the roof: carefully look around the dining room and order from the waiter the same thing that your neighbors are eating (preferably, of course, they are Spaniards).Lunch and dinner in a good restaurant usually consists of three courses. At the beginning, it is customary to order salad, pate, jamon (dried ham), shrimp, shells, etc. The Spaniards are not shy about eating from one plate, so they have time to try the maximum number of appetizers served. Everyone orders the main dish on their own, since the same fish can be prepared in different ways: “a la sal” (baked in salt), “a la plancha” (fried in olive oil), “a la marinera” (stewed with other seafood). Portions in Spain are quite large, so count on your strength, because there is still dessert ahead. IN good restaurants desserts are prepared by the chefs themselves or ordered from well-known confectioners in the city. In establishments of a lower rank, without further ado, they offer the assortment of the nearest supermarket - ice cream, flan, rice with milk, yogurt, as well as fresh apples and oranges.
Any meal invariably ends with a cup of coffee. The Spaniards not only love coffee, they don’t even understand whether they can drink anything else. Tea appeared on the menus of local cafes and restaurants exclusively thanks to foreign (primarily English) tourists, and in some places the waiters still get confused and bring brewed herbal tea instead of the ordered tea. Coffee can be very strong (“solo”), not very strong (“cafe con leche”, i.e. with milk) and not at all strong (“manchado”). In addition, there are many varieties, so-called coffee drinks: coffee with ice cream, liqueur, cognac, vodka, caramel, etc. The Spaniards do not recognize any restrictions on the amount of coffee they drink. Some drink 8-10 cups a day, and the last portion can be taken exactly before going to bed.
In addition to traditional Mediterranean dishes, on the Costa del Sol you can try cuisine from any country in the world, from popular Italian to exotic Thai or Indian. National restaurants are usually run by people from the countries of the same name, so it is almost impossible to run into a culinary counterfeit. As for the “meat eaters”, they have a direct route deep into the peninsula, to the foot of the coastal mountains. The sign "Braseria" means that here you can taste all kinds of meat (even roe deer or partridge) cooked over an open fire.
Preface
The book is written for both beginners and those continuing to learn Spanish. Compiled by a teacher of Spanish at the Kyiv National Linguistic University. It has one section: products. So, with its help, you can replenish your food vocabulary, and also not get confused in a restaurant when ordering dishes in Spanish. Each word is provided with a translation and Russian pronunciation of Spanish words in Russian letters.
El prefacio
El libro es escrito para los principiantes, así como para que continúan estudiar el español. Es compuesta por el profesor del español de la universidad Kieviana nacional lingüística. Tiene una parte: los productos. Así con su ayuda es posible completar el vocabulario por el léxico de la comida, también no desconcertarse en el restaurante al encargo de los platos en español. Cada palabra es abastecida por la traducción y la pronunciación rusa por las letras rusas de las palabras españolas y la imagen.
(El prefacio)
El libro es escrito para los principantes, asi como para que continuo estudiar el español. Es compuesta por el profesor del Español de la Universidad Kievana Nacional Linguistica. Tiene una parte: los productos. Asi con su ayuda es posible completar el vocabularyo por el lexico de la comida, tambien no desconcentrarse en el restaurante al encargo de los platos en español. Cada palabra es abastesida por la traducción y la pronunciasoyon rusa por las letras rusas de las palabras españolas.
Book El libro (Spruce Libro)
Food La comida
Products Los productos (Los productos)
Fruits Las frutas (Las frutas)
1. Apple – la manzana (la manzana)
2. Pear – la pera (la pen)
3. Apricot – el albaricoque (el albaricoke)
4. Plum – la ciruela (la ciruela)
5. Peach – el melocotón (el melokoton)
6. Cherry plum – la ciruela damascena
7. Pineapple – la piña (la piña)
8. Orange – la naranja (la naranja)
9. Watermelon – la sandía (la sandia)
10. Banana – el plátano (el platano)
11. Grapes – la uva (la uva)
12. Mandarin – la mandarina (la mandarina)
13. Pomegranate – la granada (la granada)
14. Grapefruit – el pomelo (el pomelo)
15. Melon – el melón (el malon)
16. Kiwi – el kivi (el kiwi)
17. Coconut – la nuez de coco (la nuez de coco)
18. Lemon – el limón (el lemon)
19. Mango – el mango
20. Persimmon – el caqui (el kaki)
21. Date - el dátil (el datil)
Vegetables Las verduras (Las verduras)
1. Pepper – el pimiento (El Pimiento)
2. Zucchini – el calabacín (el calabasin)
3. Cabbage – la col (la col)
4. Cauliflower– la coliflor (la coliflor)
5. Potatoes – las patatas (las patatas)
6. Tomato – el tomate (el tomate)
7. Corn – el maíz (el maiz)
8. Onion – la cebolla (la seboia)
9. Green onions – la cebolla verde
10. Carrots – la zanahoria (la zanahoria)
11. Cucumber – el pepino (el pepino)
12. Patisson - calabaza sonetera (calabaza sonetera)
13. Radish – el rabanillo (el rabaniyo)
14. Beets – la remolacha (la remolacha)
15. Pumpkin - la calabaza (la calabaza)
16. Garlic – el ajo (el ajo)
17. Eggplant – la berenjena (la berenhena)
18. Olives – las aceitunas (las aceitunas)
19. Olives – las olivas (Las Olivas)
20. Sea kale– la col marina (la col marina)
Meat La carne
1. Pork – la carne de cerdo (la carne de cerdo)
2. Veal – la carne de ternera (la carne de ternera)
3. Lamb – la carne de cordero (la carne de cordero)
4. Chicken – el pollo (el poyo)
5. Rabbit meat – el carne de conejo (el carne de conejo)
Los embutidos sausages
1. Sausage – el chorizo (el chorizo)
2. Sausages – las salchichas (las salchichas)
3. Sausages – las chistorras (las chistorras)
4. Blood sausage – la morcilla de sangre (la Morcilla de sangre)
5. Raw smoked sausage - el salchichón (el salchichon)
6. La mortadela – boiled sausage(la mortadella)
Dairy products Productos lácteos
1. Milk – la leche (la leche)
2. Cottage cheese – el requesón (el requeson)
3. Sour cream – la crema agria (la crema agria)
4. Yogurt – el yogur (el yogur)
5. Cheese – el queso (el queso)
6. Butter– la mantequilla (la mantequilla)
El pescado fish
1. Goby – el boyezuelo (el boezuelo)
2. Crucian carp – el carasio (el carasio)
3. Carp – la carpo (el carpo)
4. Catfish – el siluro (el siluro)
5. Bream – la brema (la brema)
6. Salmon – el salmón (el salmon)
7. Pike perch – el lucioperca (el lusoperka)
8. Trout – la trucha (la trucha)
9. Pike – el lucio (el lucio)
10. Sardine – la sardina (la sardine)
11. Herring – el arenque (el arenque)
12. Sprat – el boquerón (el boqueron)
13. Mackerel – la caballa (la cabaya)
Greens Las verduras (Las verduras)
1. Parsley – el perejil (el perejil)
2. Dill – el eneldo (el eneldo)
3. Salad – la lechuga (la lechuga)
Spices Las especias (Las especias)
1. Salt – la sal (la sal)
2. Pepper – el pimentón (el pimenton)
3. Sugar – el azúcar (el azucar)
4. Mustard – la mostaza (la mostaza)
Cereals Los granos (Los granos)
1. Buckwheat – el trigo inflado (el trigo inflado)
2. Rice – el arroz (el arroz)
3. Semolina – la sémola (la semola)
4. Oatmeal – la avena pelada (la avena pelada)
El pan bread
1. Bread – el pan (el pan)
Las bayas berries
1. Cherry – la guinda (la guinda)
2. Cherry - la cereza (la sereza)
3. Strawberry – la fresa (la freza)
4. Raspberry – la frambuesa (la frambuesa)
5. Currant – la grosella (la grosella)
Mushrooms Las setas (Las setas)
1. Champignon – el champiñón (el champignon)
Los huevos eggs
1. Eggs – los huevos (los huevos)
Los aceites oils
1. Sunflower oil– el aceite de girasol (el aceite de girasol)
2. Olive oil– el aceite de olive
(el aseite de olive)
Legumes Los leguminosos (Los leguminosos)
1. Beans – las alubias (las alubias)
2. Peas - el guisante (el guisante)
Nuts Las nueces (Las nueces)
1. Walnut – la nuez (la nuez)
2. Peanuts – el cacahuete (el cacahuete)
3. Hazelnut – la avellana (la aveyana)
Chocolate El chocolate (el chocolate)
1. Chocolate – el chocolate (el chocolate)
Honey La miel (La miel)
1. Honey – la miel (la miel)
Drinks Las bebidas
1. Tea - el té (el te)
2. Coffee - el café (el cafe)
3. Cocoa – el cacao (el cocoa)
