"Caffeine": instructions for use, indications, prices. International non-proprietary name

Trade name of the drug: Caffeine-sodium benzoate

International non-proprietary name:

caffeine

Dosage form:

solution for subcutaneous and subconjunctival administration

Compound

1 ml of solution contains 100 mg or 200 mg of caffeine-sodium benzoate as an active substance and excipients - sodium hydroxide 0.1 M solution and water for injection.

Description

Clear colorless or slightly colored liquid.

Pharmacotherapeutic group:

psychostimulant

ATC code:

Pharmacodynamics

It has a psychostimulating and analeptic effect. It has a stimulating effect on the central nervous system (CNS), increasing excitation in the cerebral cortex, respiratory and vascular centers, activates conditioned reflexes and physical performance, reduces drowsiness and fatigue, causes deepening and rapid breathing, increases heart rate, increases arterial pressure during hypotension, dilates the bronchi, biliary tract, blood vessels of skeletal muscles, reduces platelet aggregation, has a moderate diuretic effect, stimulates the secretion of gastric juice, increases basal metabolism and enhances glycogenolysis, causing hyperglycemia. Multiple pharmacological effects of the drug are due to the blockade of central and peripheral adenosine receptors. It inhibits phosphodiesterase, which leads to intracellular accumulation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate, under the influence of which glycogenolysis processes are enhanced, metabolic processes are stimulated in organs and tissues, including muscle tissue and the central nervous system.

When administered subconjunctivally, it improves microcirculation and activates the metabolic processes of the ciliary epithelium.

Pharmacokinetics

It is rapidly distributed in all organs and tissues of the body, penetrates the blood-brain barrier and the placenta. The half-life is 3.9-5.3 hours (sometimes up to 10 hours). Communication with blood proteins (albumins) - 15%. Metabolism in the liver is more than 90%, in children of the first years of life up to 10-15%. Caffeine is metabolized in the liver (the main part is demethylated and oxidized) with the formation of 5 metabolites. Excretion of caffeine and its metabolites is carried out by the kidneys (10% - unchanged).

Indications for use

• Decreased mental and physical performance, muscle weakness, drowsiness, migraine, moderate arterial hypotension, respiratory depression (including mild poisoning with opioid analgesics and hypnotics, carbon monoxide, neonatal asphyxia, restoration of the required level of pulmonary ventilation after using general anesthesia).
• Hypotension of the eyeball (after abdominal eye operations, ciliochoroidal retinal detachment, hypotonic retinal detachment).

Contraindicated

Hypersensitivity, organic diseases of the cardiovascular system (including acute myocardial infarction, atherosclerosis), arterial hypertension, glaucoma, sleep disturbances, irritability, old age, paroxysmal tachycardia, frequent ventricular premature beats, epilepsy and a tendency to convulsive seizures. Pregnancy and lactation.

Carefully: glaucoma, irritability, old age.

Dosage and administration

Subcutaneously: adults 100 mg or 200 mg. The highest single dose for adults is 400 mg, the highest daily dose is 1 g. For children, 25-100 mg, depending on age. In ophthalmology, 30 mg is administered subconjunctivally once a day, daily. The number of injections depends on the intraocular pressure and the depth of the anterior chamber.

Side effect

From the nervous system: agitation, anxiety, tremor, headache, dizziness, epileptic seizures, increased tendon reflexes, tachypnea, insomnia. With a sudden cancellation - increased inhibition of the central nervous system, increased fatigue, drowsiness, increased muscle tone.

From the side of the cardiovascular system: tachycardia, cardiac arrhythmia, increased blood pressure.

From the digestive system: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, exacerbation of peptic ulcer.

Others: nasal congestion.

With prolonged use, slight addiction is possible (a decrease in action is associated with the formation of new adenosine receptors in the brain cells), drug dependence.

Overdose

Symptoms: increased severity of side effects. In newborns (including premature ones), anxiety, tachypnea, tachycardia, tremor, increased Moro reflex, and at higher concentrations, convulsions are possible.

Treatment: symptomatic therapy, oxygen therapy, hemodialysis. In newborns, if necessary, exchange blood transfusion.

Interaction with other drugs

With the combined use of caffeine and barbiturates, primidone, antiepileptic drugs (hydantoin derivatives, especially phenytoin), it is possible to increase metabolism and increase caffeine clearance.

Simultaneous use with cimetidine, oral contraceptives, disulfiram, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin leads to a decrease in the metabolism of caffeine in the liver, slowing down its excretion and increasing the concentration in the blood.

When used with caffeinated drinks and other drugs that stimulate the central nervous system, excessive stimulation of the central nervous system is possible. Caffeine is an adenosine antagonist - large doses of adenosine may be required.

Meksiletin - reduces the excretion of caffeine up to 50%; nicotine - increases the rate of excretion of caffeine.

Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), furazolidone, procarbazine and selegiline - large doses of caffeine can cause the development of dangerous cardiac arrhythmias or a pronounced increase in blood pressure.

Caffeine reduces the effect of narcotic and sleeping pills. Increases the excretion of lithium preparations (Li +) in the urine.

Accelerates absorption and enhances the action of cardiac glycosides. increases their toxicity.

The combined use of caffeine with beta-blockers can lead to mutual suppression of therapeutic effects; with adrenergic bronchodilators - to additional stimulation of the central nervous system and other additive toxic effects.

Caffeine may decrease the clearance of theophylline and possibly other xanthines, increasing the possibility of additive pharmacodynamic and toxic effects.

special instructions

It should be borne in mind that a sudden cessation of administration may lead to increased inhibition of the central nervous system (drowsiness, depression). The effect on the central nervous system can be manifested both by excitation and inhibition of higher nervous activity.

Release form

Solution for subcutaneous and subconjunctival administration 100 mg / ml or 200 mg / ml. 1 ml or 2 ml of 10% (100 mg/ml) or 20% (200 mg/ml) solution in neutral glass ampoules. 10 ampoules with instructions for use and a knife for opening ampoules or an ampoule scarifier in a cardboard box or 5 or 10 ampoules in a blister pack made of polyvinyl chloride film, 1 or 2 blister packs with instructions for use and a knife for opening ampoules or ampoule scarifier in a pack of cardboard. When packing ampoules with a break ring or a break point, an ampoule opener or ampoule scarifier is not included.

Storage conditions

List B.

At temperatures from +15°С to +25°С Keep out of the reach of children.

Shelf life

6 years. Do not use after the expiry date stated on the packaging.

Conditions for dispensing from pharmacies:

on prescription.

Claims from buyers are accepted by the manufacturer:

JSC "Novosibkhimfarm", 630028, Russia, Novosibirsk, st. Decembrists, 275

Injection.

Main physicochemical characteristics : colorless transparent liquid.

Pharmacological group

Psychostimulants, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and nootropics. xanthine derivatives. ATX code N06B C01.

Pharmacological properties

Pharmacological.

Caffeine is an alkaloid found in tea leaves and coffee beans. Pharmacological properties of the drug are divided into central and peripheral. The central effects, in turn, are divided into psychostimulating and analeptic.

The psychostimulant effect of caffeine-sodium benzoate is associated with its antagonism of adenosine in the mechanism of action on purinergic (adenosine) A-1 and A-2 receptors in the central nervous system (CNS). Adenosine is known to depress CNS functions. Under the influence of the drug increases mental activity, mental and physical performance. The psychostimulant effect is directly dependent on the dose. Small doses stimulate the functions of the central nervous system, large doses depress (due to the depletion of nerve cells).

The analeptic effect of caffeine-sodium benzoate is associated with its effect on the respiratory and hemodynamic centers of the medulla oblongata. As a result, there is an increase in the frequency and volume of inspiration.

The peripheral effects of the drug are ambiguous and are related to its dose and the level of influence on the vascular bed and myocardium. Coronary blood flow first increases, and then decreases, renal blood flow increases, the vessels of the abdominal cavity and skin narrow. Under the influence of the drug, central blood circulation is suppressed and the pressure of the cerebrospinal fluid decreases, which explains its effectiveness in migraine. The effect of the drug on the heart is ambiguous. In small doses, it causes a positive inotropic effect, in high doses - a positive chronotropic effect. In some people, it can cause tachycardia and even arrhythmia.

Pharmacokinetics.

The drug is rapidly distributed in all organs and tissues of the body. Communication with blood proteins (albumins) - 25-36%. It easily crosses the blood-brain barrier and the placenta. Penetrates into breast milk. The volume of distribution in adults is 0.4-0.6 l / kg, in newborns - 0.78-0.92 l / kg. Metabolism in the liver is more than 90% of the accepted dose of the drug, in children of the first year of life up to 10-15%. In adults, about 80% of a dose of caffeine is metabolized to paraxanthine, about 10% to theobromine, and about 4% to theophylline. These combinations are demethylated to monomethylxanthines and then to uric acid methylation. The half-life in adults is 3.9-5.3 hours (sometimes up to 10:00), in newborns (under the age of 4-7 months of life) - 65-130 hours. Caffeine and its metabolites are excreted by the kidneys (1-2% is excreted unchanged in adults, up to 85% in newborns).

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Indications

Infectious and other diseases accompanied by depression of the central nervous and cardiovascular systems; respiratory depression, asphyxia; poisoning with drugs and other substances that depress the central nervous system; asthenic syndrome spasms of cerebral vessels.

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to xanthine derivatives and other components of the drug; increased excitability; insomnia marked increase in blood pressure; atherosclerosis; organic diseases of the cardiovascular system, including acute myocardial infarction, paroxysmal tachycardia, arterial hypertension; glaucoma age over 60 years.

Special Security Measures

The effect on the central nervous system depends on the type of nervous system and can be manifested both by excitation and inhibition of higher nervous activity.

Due to the fact that the effect of caffeine on blood pressure consists of vascular and cardiac components, both the effect of stimulating the heart and a slight inhibition of its activity can develop.

Use with caution in patients with a history of gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer.

For apnea in newborns and in infants in the postoperative period (prophylaxis), use caffeine or caffeine citrate, but not sodium caffeine benzoate.

Interaction with other medicinal products and other forms of interaction

When used simultaneously with other drugs, it is possible:

with alpha- and beta-adrenergic agonists, antipyretic analgesics, clozapine, xanthine derivatives, psychostimulants, cardiac glycosides, thyroid-stimulating agents - enhancing the effects of the above-mentioned drugs;

with anxiolytics, opioid analgesics, hypnotics and sedatives - mitigation of the effects of the above-mentioned drugs;

with antiarrhythmic drugs (mexiletine), hormonal oral contraceptives, disulfiram, enoxacin, erythromycin, isoniazid, Metoxalen, norfloxacin, ofloxacin, cimetidine, ciprofloxacin - increased effects of caffeine

with antidepressants, barbiturates, beta-blockers, primidone, anticonvulsants (hydantoin derivatives, especially phenytoin), cholestyramine, anticholinergics, - weakening the effects of caffeine

with drugs that stimulate the central nervous system, drinks containing caffeine - excessive stimulation of the central nervous system;

with MAO inhibitors, procarbazine, furazolidone - dangerous arrhythmias or a pronounced increase in blood pressure;

with ergotamine - increased absorption of the latter from the digestive tract

with calcium preparations - weakening the absorption of the latter from the gastrointestinal tract

with lithium preparations - increased excretion of the latter with urine;

with nicotine - increased excretion of caffeine in the urine.

The drug slightly increases the concentration of 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid when it is determined in the urine.

The drug slightly increases the concentration of catecholamines and vanillylmigdaleic acid, which can lead to false-positive test results in the diagnosis of pheochromocytoma and neuroblastoma. Do not use the drug during tests.

The drug can lead to erroneous results in determining the concentration of urate in the blood serum by the Bittner method.

Application features

Use during pregnancy or lactation.

The drug should not be used during pregnancy and lactation.

The ability to influence the reaction rate when driving vehicles or working with other mechanisms.

During treatment, care should be taken when driving vehicles and working with mechanisms, and in case of side effects from the nervous system, refrain from potentially hazardous activities that require increased concentration and speed of psychomotor reactions.

Dosage and administration

For adults, the drug is prescribed subcutaneously at a dose of 1-2 ml of a 10% solution (100-200 mg). The highest single dose is 400 mg, the maximum daily dose is 1 g.

For children over 12 years of age, the drug should be prescribed subcutaneously at a dose (depending on age) of 0.25-1 ml of a 10% solution (25-100 mg).

Children

The drug should not be used in children under 12 years of age.

Overdose

Symptoms: anxiety, agitation, restlessness, agitation, tremor or muscle twitching, epileptic seizures (with acute overdose - tonic-clonic convulsions), hyperesthesia, atrial scotoma, tinnitus, headache, insomnia, confusion, delirium, delirium, tachycardia, arrhythmia, hyperthermia, frequent urination, dehydration, nausea, vomiting, sometimes with blood.

Treatment: support for lung ventilation, oxygenation, maintenance of fluid and salt balance, hemodialysis, for epileptic seizures - intravenous diazepam, phenobarbital or phenytoin.

solution for

injections to stimulate the central nervous and cardiovascular

vascular systems in animals

I. GENERAL INFORMATION

1. Caffeine-sodium benzoate 20% injection solution (Coffeinum-natrii benzoas 20% solution pro in injectionibus).

2. Caffeine-sodium benzoate 20% - a drug in the form of a solution for injection, containing 100 ml of caffeine-sodium benzoate 20 g as an active ingredient and sodium hydroxide and water for injection as excipients.

3. It is a colorless transparent liquid.

4. Caffeine-sodium benzoate 20% is produced in the form of a sterile solution, packaged in 10, 20 and 100 ml glass bottles, hermetically sealed with rubber stoppers and rolled in aluminum caps.

Each package is labeled with the indication of: the name of the manufacturer, its address and trademark, the name of the medicinal product; the name and content of the active substance; conformity mark; quantities in a vial; serial number (includes date of manufacture); expiration date; inscriptions "Sterile" and "For animals"; method of application; storage conditions; designations of these TS and provide instructions for use.

Store with caution (list B) protected from light at a temperature of 0 to 25° C. Shelf life of Caffeine-sodium benzoate 20% solution for injection, subject to storage conditions - 2 years from the date of manufacture.

II. PHARMACOLOGICAL PROPERTIES

5. Caffeine-sodium benzoate 20% injection has a stimulating effect on the central nervous system of animals. It enhances and regulates excitation processes in the cerebral cortex, enhances positive conditioned reflexes and increases motor activity. The stimulating effect of caffeine leads to an increase in physical performance, a decrease in fatigue and drowsiness. The action of the drug depends on the dose, as well as on the type of higher nervous activity of animals. Large doses of the drug can lead to depletion of nerve cells.

Under the influence of the drug, cardiac activity, diuresis increase, gas exchange increases, water and nitrogen metabolism increases.

6. Caffeine-sodium benzoate 20% solution for injection according to the degree of impact on the body according to GOST 12.1.007-76 refers to highly hazardous substances (hazard class 2).

III. HOW TO USE

7. Caffeine-sodium benzoate 20% injection is used to excite the central nervous system in case of poisoning, overwork, muscle weakness in various diseases.

Used to excite the cardiovascular system with weakness of cardiac activity, reduced excitability and conduction in the heart, shock conditions. It is used for chronic myocarditis, myodystrophy, chronic myodegeneration, as a vasodilator for spasms of the vessels of the brain, kidneys, and heart.

Caffeine-sodium benzoate 20% injection is also used to excite the respiratory center in case of its oppression and weakening of breathing, in the spastic state of the muscles of the gastrointestinal tract, in maternity paresis in cows, overwork, various diseases of infectious and toxic origin.

8. Caffeine-sodium benzoate 20% injection is used subcutaneously in the following doses (in ml per animal):

Kind of animal	Dose of the drug, ml
Horses and cattle	5,0 - 10,0
Small animals and pigs	0,5 - 2,0
Dogs	0,2 - 0,5

Doses and terms of application depend on the weight of the animal and the course of the disease.

9. There are no side effects and complications when using caffeine-sodium benzoate 20% solution for injection in accordance with this instruction.

10. The use of caffeine-sodium benzoate 20% solution for injection does not exclude the use of other drugs.

11. There are no contraindications to the use of the drug.

12. Meat and milk after application of Caffeine-sodium benzoate 20% solution for injection is used without restriction.

IV. PERSONAL PREVENTION MEASURES

13. When working with caffeine-sodium benzoate 20% solution for injection, you should follow the general rules of personal hygiene and safety precautions provided for when working with medicinal products for animals.

14. It is forbidden to use the medicinal product after its expiration date.

15. Caffeine-sodium benzoate 20% injection should be kept out of the reach of children.

16. Caffeine-sodium benzoate 20% solution for injection should not be used for food purposes.

Caffeine: instructions for use and reviews

Caffeine is a psychoactive drug.

Release form and composition

Caffeine is produced in the form of a solution for subcutaneous administration: transparent, colorless or slightly colored (in 2 ml ampoules, 5 ampoules in blister packs, 2 packs in a carton box; 5 or 10 ampoules in a carton box with partitions or bars).

The composition of 1 ml of solution includes:

• The active substance is caffeine-sodium benzoate 100 or 200 mg;
• Auxiliary components: sodium hydroxide solution 0.1M - up to pH 6.8-8.5, water for injection - up to 1 ml.

Pharmacological properties

Pharmacodynamics

Caffeine is an antagonist of the central adenosine receptors and stimulates the centers of the medulla oblongata: respiratory, vasomotor and vagal. It also activates the central nervous system and respiratory system, improves the functions of skeletal muscles, the production of hydrochloric acid and pepsin in the gastrointestinal tract, and promotes the processes of glycogenolysis. Caffeine increases the sensitivity of the respiratory center to the stimulating effect of carbon dioxide, increasing alveolar ventilation. The substance increases the frequency and intensity of heart contractions, as well as the minute volume of the heart (it has a positive chronotropic effect on the sinoatrial node and a positive inotropic effect on the myocardium).

Caffeine is characterized by diuretic and hypertensive effects, reduces uterine contractility and promotes vasoconstriction of the brain.

Pharmacokinetics

Caffeine binds to plasma proteins by approximately 25–36%. Its biotransformation is carried out in the liver. In adult patients, 80% of caffeine is metabolized to paraxanthine (1,7-dimethylxanthine), 10% to theobromine (3,7-dimethylxanthine) and 4% to theophylline (1,3-dimethylxanthine). These compounds are demethylated to monomethylxanthines and then to methylated uric acid derivatives. In premature babies, caffeine is formed from theophylline. The half-life is 3–7 hours, in newborns it is extended to 65–130 hours (a decrease to the level of an adult patient occurs at 4–7 months). The maximum concentration is established 50–75 minutes after the substance enters the body.

Caffeine is excreted in the urine as metabolites (1-2% unchanged). In neonates, it is also excreted via the kidneys, with 85% of the dose being excreted unchanged.

Indications for use

• Decreased physical and mental performance;
• Moderate arterial hypotension;
• muscle weakness;
• Migraine;
• Drowsiness;
• Respiratory depression (including with mild poisoning with opioid analgesics and hypnotic drugs, carbon monoxide, with asphyxia of newborns, to restore the required level of pulmonary ventilation after the use of general anesthesia).

Contraindications

• Organic diseases of the cardiovascular system (including acute myocardial infarction, atherosclerosis);
• Arterial hypertension;
• sleep disorders;
• Glaucoma;
• Paroxysmal tachycardia;
• Increased excitability;
• Epilepsy and tendency to convulsive seizures;
• Frequent ventricular extrasystole;
• Elderly age;
• Pregnancy and lactation;
• Hypersensitivity to the components of the drug.

Instructions for use Caffeine: method and dosage

Caffeine solution is administered subcutaneously.

Adults are usually prescribed 1 ml of a 100 mg / ml or 200 mg / ml solution. The maximum dose is: single - 400 mg, daily - 1000 mg.

Children, depending on age, are usually prescribed 0.25-1 ml of a 100 mg / ml solution of Caffeine.

The frequency and duration of use are determined by the doctor.

Side effects

According to the instructions, Caffeine can cause the following side effects:

• Central nervous system: tachypnea, sleep disturbance, tremor, agitation, anxiety, headache, convulsions, dizziness;
• Cardiovascular system: heart rhythm disturbance, tachycardia, increased blood pressure;
• Digestive system: nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, exacerbation of peptic ulcer.

With prolonged use, slight addiction is possible (a decrease in action is associated with the formation of new adenosine receptors in brain cells).

Overdose

Signs of an overdose of caffeine are trembling of the whole body observed in newborns, pain in the stomach or abdomen, nausea and vomiting, sometimes with bloody discharge, vomiting or swollen abdomen in newborns, palpation of which is accompanied by painful sensations, increased pain or tactile sensitivity, dehydration , frequent urination, arrhythmia, tachycardia. Taking the drug in very high doses can lead to CNS symptoms such as headache, clouded consciousness or delirium, restlessness or agitation, anxiety, agitation, irritability, tremor or muscle twitching, photopsia, tinnitus, or sensation of other sounds, sleep disturbances, epileptic seizures (mainly clonic-tonic convulsions) in acute overdose.

Symptomatic therapy is recommended as a treatment. If caffeine has been taken in the last 4 hours, its dose exceeded 15 mg / kg, and there was no vomiting provoked by this drug, gastric lavage should be performed. It is also recommended to take activated charcoal and laxatives, and in case of hemorrhagic gastritis, gastric lavage with an ice-cold 0.9% sodium chloride solution and the introduction of antacids. If necessary, artificial ventilation of the lungs and oxygenation are carried out. For epileptic seizures, phenytoin, phenobarbital, or diazepam is given intravenously. You should also maintain water and electrolyte balance. Hemodialysis is often effective in case of overdose, and in newborns, if necessary, exchange transfusion of blood.

special instructions

During the use of Caffeine, it must be taken into account that the sudden cessation of therapy can lead to increased inhibition of the central nervous system in the form of drowsiness and depression.

The impact on the central nervous system can be manifested both by excitation and inhibition of the higher nervous system.

Use during pregnancy and lactation

According to the FDA recommendations, caffeine belongs to category C. It increases the risk of spontaneous abortion, provokes intrauterine growth retardation and the occurrence of arrhythmia in the fetus (when administered to pregnant women in high doses). The results of animal experiments have shown that with the introduction of doses equivalent to the content of caffeine in 12-24 cups of coffee drunk per day, throughout pregnancy or with a single administration of very high doses (50-100 mg / kg), skeletal developmental disorders are observed (as fingers, and individual phalanges) of the fetus. With the intake of caffeine in the body of a pregnant female in smaller doses, a slow development of the fetal skeleton was noted.

Caffeine passes into breast milk (its amount is approximately 1% of the concentration in the mother's blood plasma). If a nursing mother receives this substance in an amount equivalent to 6-8 cups of caffeinated drinks per day, the child may develop insomnia and hyperactivity.

drug interaction

With the simultaneous use of Caffeine with certain drugs, the following effects may occur:

• Narcotic and hypnotic drugs: decrease in their effectiveness;
• Non-narcotic analgesics and ergotamine: increasing their effectiveness (due to increased absorption);
• Cardiac glycosides: enhancing their action and increasing toxicity.

Analogues

Analogue of Caffeine is Caffeine-sodium benzoate.

Terms and conditions of storage

Keep out of the reach of children at temperatures up to 25 °C.

Shelf life - 5 years.

Did you know that coffee is the third most popular drink that people all over the planet are addicted to? Only natural liquids are ahead of him in the ranking - water and tea, which can be easily drunk by small children and patients with various ailments.

Caffeine is still being studied by physicians and scientists, without fully elucidating all its positive or negative properties. Of course, the fact that it causes some kind of physiological and psychological dependence is confirmed, and it even has a kind of withdrawal syndrome. And such coffee "addicts" on the planet simultaneously live about 1 billion people!

Like many other foods and drinks, coffee has its positive and negative properties, as well as completely unique moments, which we will talk about today. Here are 10 surprising facts about the coffee drink that you didn’t even know existed.

Drinking coffee can help you burn fat

Few people know that the drink can really be used to dry the body during sports training and diets. Firstly, it has a slight diuretic effect and leads to the outflow of fluid from the body, a decrease in puffiness and, as a result, weight loss by 1-2 kilos. Secondly, scientists have proven that daily use of caffeine can speed up the metabolism by 3-11%, and this is a very good indicator. Thirdly, organic acids in the drink contribute to the production of hydrochloric acid, which speeds up and simplifies the digestion process. Of course, in order for coffee to really "work" for burning fat, you will have to give up various additives to it - cream, sugar, etc. Replace them with zero-fat milk and, of course, synthetic sweetener.

You don't need coffee to wake up in the morning

This myth is speculated by drink manufacturers, which makes it possible to put people in an artificial psychological dependence. This is how a ritual is born in people: waking up means sluggish and sleepy, and only flavored drink. In fact, in the morning, our body produces enough of the stress hormone cortisol, which provides a feeling of cheerfulness and clarity of mind. This biological process is due to the circadian circadian rhythm. Therefore, the optimal time for drinking a coffee drink is the period after 9-11 am, when the level of the hormone begins to fall and natural lethargy can occur.

Caffeine starts to work very quickly

The drink is one of the champions in terms of its speed. Its effectiveness can be compared with modern drugs and injections. For example, caffeine begins to affect the central nervous system within 10 minutes after a sip. It immediately releases fatty acids and increases the secretion of adrenaline, providing energy and productivity. The maximum concentration of the substance is reached on average 45 minutes after the end of the coffee drink. And the effect of caffeine lasts for another 3-5 hours, so 2 cups a day is enough to maintain a natural tone during working hours.

Caffeine is actually crystals

Everybody call instant coffee granulated. However, if we make an excursion into the chemistry of the substance, then we will be very surprised, since caffeine is represented tiny crystals, which range in size around 0.0016 inches. These babies have a whitish tint or are completely colorless, and the taste is quite bitter. Despite their tiny size, caffeine crystals are excellent psychostimulants and even in small doses have effects on the brain, peripheral and central nervous systems.

Coffee does not dehydrate the body

Despite the fact that coffee promotes the removal of fluid from the body and produces a slight diuretic effect, it does not lead to total dehydration of the body and “drying out” of cells. The allowable volume for health is up to 600 ml per day (about 2 cups of a weak drink), which will not lead to negative consequences. Diuresis does not change significantly precisely from the fact of the presence of caffeine in the drink. Gourds (watermelon, melon) have a much more pronounced diuretic effect, however, many allow themselves to eat almost a kilogram of pulp in one sitting.

Caffeine improves exercise performance

The substance increases the level of stress hormones adrenaline and cortisol, which tone the muscular system, charge the body with energy and increased productivity, allowing you to work almost to the limit. That is why the IOC considers caffeine to be a natural doping - traces of it in the urine lead to the disqualification of an athlete in the competition. Of course, a couple of mugs of weak drink a couple of hours before the performance will not lead to career consequences. The critical value is the excess of 12 micrograms of caffeine per liter of urine.

Coffee was discovered thanks to Ethiopian goats

Who would have thought that green, red and other coffee berries helped mankind discover Ethiopian goats. One day, a local shepherd noted that his herd showed unprecedented energy, and even refused to sleep at night. By the method of long-term observations of the "wards" it was revealed that the whole point is in the diet of animals, which included unusual colored grains. After a certain time, people began to collect the fruits of the coffee tree and consume them in food to achieve a psychostimulating effect. And the first drink from grains was prepared about 700 years ago. Instant coffee was invented by a Belgian 112 years ago.

Coffee is good for your liver

Scientists conducted experiments and found that the risk of developing liver pathologies such as cirrhosis and fibrosis decreases depending on the amount of coffee consumed. The data were confirmed by histological examination - 4 cups per day are the prevention of these diseases in 80% of cases.

Coffee will help you live longer and healthier

It has already been confirmed that coffee beans (especially green ones) contain more antioxidants than natural green tea. Of course, to release them, do not boil coffee in a Turk, but simply warm it at a high temperature. Antioxidants prevent cell aging, cleanse them of free radicals and other harmful components. It is believed that daily consumption of a coffee drink reduces the likelihood of neurodegenerative diseases (Parkinson's, Alzheimer's and other dementias) by almost 60%. Also, coffee is the prevention of hypertension, improves the sensitivity of cells to insulin, preventing the development of type 2 diabetes.

The world's first webcam was made to make coffee

Did you think it was invented to surreptitiously monitor small children, unfaithful husbands or business colleagues? No, no, the first webcam was designed by scientists at the University of Cambridge, who created a special camera with a very useful function - to track when a valuable drink is over and give appropriate signals.

like this coffee drink amazing - and they invented it quite by accident, and it prevents complex diseases, and helps athletes. Of course, coffee is useful in moderation, and it is called - from 2 to 4 cups per day, depending on the strength of the drink and the caffeine content.